ART 治疗下的 HIV 感染者的唾液生化参数与龋齿：突尼斯莫纳斯提尔的一项横断面研究。
Salivary biochemical parameters in people living with HIV on ART and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Monastir, Tunisia.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
Department of Endodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Jan 6;24(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03821-2.
BACKGROUND
Studies regarding salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are scanty.
AIM
To investigate salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult PLWHA who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and compare the findings with people negative for HIV infection.
METHODS
The study included 50 HIV positive individuals as a test group (TG) and 50 HIV negative individuals as a control group (CG). Dental examination was performed according to WHO guidelines to assess DMFT. Digital panoramic radiographs were taken to detect additional infectious foci. Non-stimulated saliva was collected between 9 and 12 a. m for 5 min to evaluate 18 biochemical parameters and salivary flow rate (SFR). Parametric and non parametric tests were used according to data distribution. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05%.
RESULTS
Patients' mean ages and M/F sex ratios for TG and CG were 38.80 ± 9.69 y/o. vs. 37.98 ± 13.47 y/o. and 3.54 vs. 2.33, respectively. Higher means of decayed teeth were recorded in TG, 4.47 ± 3.00 vs. 3.88 ± 2.81 in CG with no significant difference (p = 0.41). Means of filled teeth were significantly lower in TG 2.38 ± 2.16 vs. 4.16 ± 3.35 in CG (p = 0.01), respectively. No statistical significant difference was noted in DMFT indices between the 2 groups (8.04 ± 6.90 vs. 8.52 ± 6.24, p = 0.71). The following salivary parameters were significantly lower in TG compared to CG, respectively: mean SFR 0.44 ± 0.18 ml/min vs. 0.61 ± 0.26 ml/min; median levels of sodium and chlorides, 4 mmol/L and 13.5 mmol/L vs. 9 mmol/L and 19 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and uric acid, 103.50 mmol/L vs. 163 (p = 0.009). However, higher median levels were recorded with calcium, 1.09 mmol/L vs. 0.54 (p < 0.001) and sIgA 23 mg/dl vs. 5 mg/dl (p < 0.001). In TG, a positive correlation was found between DC, potassium, urea, and chlorides (p < 0.05). Salivary renal and hepatic biomarkers were comparable between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
PLWHA have shown an alteration in some salivary parameters, more decayed teeth and less filled teeth. Preventive measures should be implemented to lower dental caries and enhance accessibility to oral care services. In addition, saliva can be utilized to monitor oral and general health status among PLWHA on ART.
背景
关于接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的艾滋病毒/艾滋病（HIV/AIDS）成人患者的唾液生化参数和龋齿的研究很少。
目的
调查接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的成年 HIV 阳性患者的唾液生化参数和龋齿，并将结果与未感染 HIV 的人群进行比较。
方法
本研究纳入 50 名 HIV 阳性个体作为实验组（TG）和 50 名 HIV 阴性个体作为对照组（CG）。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的指南进行口腔检查，以评估 DMFT。拍摄数字全景片以发现其他感染灶。在上午 9 点至 12 点之间采集 5 分钟的非刺激性唾液，以评估 18 种生化参数和唾液流率（SFR）。根据数据分布使用参数和非参数检验。显著性水平设为 p<0.05%。
结果
TG 和 CG 的患者平均年龄和 M/F 性别比例分别为 38.80±9.69 岁/比 37.98±13.47 岁/比 3.54 比 2.33。TG 组有更多的龋齿，平均为 4.47±3.00，而 CG 组为 3.88±2.81，差异无统计学意义（p=0.41）。TG 组的填充牙平均水平明显较低，为 2.38±2.16，而 CG 组为 4.16±3.35（p=0.01）。两组 DMFT 指数无统计学差异（8.04±6.90 比 8.52±6.24，p=0.71）。与 CG 相比，TG 组的以下唾液参数显著降低，分别为：平均 SFR 0.44±0.18 ml/min 比 0.61±0.26 ml/min；钠和氯的中位数水平分别为 4 mmol/L 和 13.5 mmol/L 比 9 mmol/L 和 19 mmol/L（p<0.001）和尿酸 103.50 mmol/L 比 163（p=0.009）。然而，钙的中位数水平更高，为 1.09 mmol/L 比 0.54（p<0.001）和 sIgA 23 mg/dl 比 5 mg/dl（p<0.001）。在 TG 中，DC、钾、尿素和氯之间存在正相关（p<0.05）。两组的唾液肾和肝生物标志物相似。
结论
HIV/AIDS 患者的某些唾液参数发生了变化，表现为更多的龋齿和更少的填充牙。应采取预防措施降低龋齿发病率，增加口腔保健服务的可及性。此外，唾液可用于监测接受 ART 的 HIV/AIDS 患者的口腔和整体健康状况。
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