Université de Lorraine, CALBINOTOX, F-54000 Nancy, France.
Food Funct. 2021 Feb 21;12(4):1415-1431. doi: 10.1039/d0fo02432e. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
About one in three people are affected by anxiety disorders during their lifetime. Anxiety episodes can be brief due to a stressful event, but anxiety disorders can last at least 6 months. A wide variety of therapeutic drugs are available for the treatment of anxiety disorders, but due to the associated side effects of these anxiolytics, it is interesting to find alternatives. Some food protein hydrolysates or active peptide fragments present in such hydrolysates provide a natural and promising mean for preventing certain forms of anxiety. To date, only a small number of hydrolysates or peptides from food proteins with anxiolytic-like activity have been characterized. Most of these hydrolysates or peptides have displayed potent anxiolytic profiles in animal or clinical studies. The results suggest that these molecules may exert their effects at different levels. This paper reviews the data of the structure/activity relationship, physiological effects displayed in in vitro and in vivo assays, bioavailability, and safety profiles of anxiolytic peptides.
大约有三分之一的人在一生中会受到焦虑症的影响。焦虑发作可能是由于紧张事件引起的短暂的，但焦虑症可能会持续至少 6 个月。有各种各样的治疗药物可用于治疗焦虑症，但由于这些抗焦虑药物的相关副作用，寻找替代品是很有趣的。一些食物蛋白水解物或存在于这些水解物中的活性肽片段为预防某些形式的焦虑提供了一种自然而有前途的手段。到目前为止，只有少数具有抗焦虑样活性的食物蛋白水解物或肽被描述。这些水解物或肽中的大多数在动物或临床研究中表现出了有效的抗焦虑作用。结果表明，这些分子可能在不同水平上发挥作用。本文综述了抗焦虑肽的结构/活性关系、在体外和体内试验中显示的生理效应、生物利用度和安全性特征的数据。
