Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
J Food Biochem. 2021 Apr;45(4):e13631. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13631. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Aronia, a healthy fruit well known as black chokeberry, has health-promoting effects on hypertension, oxidative stress, and diabetes. Despite many reports of bioactivities of aronia, there is little scientific research on the potential for immune-enhancement. So, anthocyanin-fucoidan nanocomplex (AFNC, a nanocomplex of aronia extract and fucoidan) has been developed to improve immune-enhancement. This study aimed to identify immunomodulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of AFNC using RAW264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. As a result, AFNC-treated RAW264.7 macrophages elevated the production of IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and nitric oxide (NO). AFNC-enhanced inducible NO synthase expression via nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. AFNC dose-dependently increased levels of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-12, interferon-γ, or IL-4 in the serum and spleen of immunosuppressed mice. Taken together, AFNC encourages the immune-enhancing activity through immunostimulatory cytokine production by activation of macrophage. Therefore, these results suggest that AFNC is useful for immunodeficiency-related disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In these days of prevalence of infectious diseases, individual immunity is very important. AFNC has the immune-enhancing effects through immunostimulatory cytokine production by activation of macrophage. Therefore, AFNC could be widely applied to ameliorate a variety of diseases caused by immunosuppression such as infectious diseases.
阿龙尼亚，一种健康的水果，俗称黑果枸杞，对高血压、氧化应激和糖尿病有促进健康的作用。尽管有许多关于阿龙尼亚生物活性的报道，但对其免疫增强潜力的科学研究甚少。因此，开发了花青素-褐藻糖胶纳米复合物（AFNC，阿龙尼亚提取物和褐藻糖胶的纳米复合物）以提高免疫增强作用。本研究旨在使用 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞和环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠来确定 AFNC 的免疫调节作用和潜在机制。结果表明，AFNC 处理的 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞增加了白细胞介素 2（IL-2）、白细胞介素 6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α 和一氧化氮（NO）的产生。AFNC 通过核因子-κB 信号通路增强诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达。AFNC 以剂量依赖的方式增加了免疫抑制小鼠血清和脾脏中白细胞介素 2（IL-2）、白细胞介素 6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素 10（IL-10）、白细胞介素 12（IL-12）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）或白细胞介素 4（IL-4）的水平。总之，AFNC 通过激活巨噬细胞产生免疫刺激细胞因子来促进免疫增强活性。因此，这些结果表明 AFNC 可用于与免疫缺陷相关的疾病。实际应用：在传染病流行的今天，个体免疫力非常重要。AFNC 通过激活巨噬细胞产生免疫刺激细胞因子来增强免疫作用。因此，AFNC 可广泛应用于改善各种由免疫抑制引起的疾病，如传染病。
