Jagiellonian University.
AJOB Neurosci. 2021 Jan;12(1):3-21. doi: 10.1080/21507740.2020.1866097.
There has been a growing interest in research concerning memory modification technologies (MMTs) in recent years. Neuroscientists and psychologists are beginning to explore the prospect of controllable and intentional modification of human memory. One of the technologies with the greatest potential to this end is optogenetics-an invasive neuromodulation technique involving the use of light to control the activity of individual brain cells. It has recently shown the potential to modify specific long-term memories in animal models in ways not yet possible with other MMTs. As the therapeutic potential of optogenetics has already prompted approval of the first human trials, it is especially important and timely to consider the opportunities and dangers this technology may entail. In this article, we focus on possible consequences of optogenetics as an MMT by analyzing fundamental threats potentially associated with memory modifications: the potential disruption of personality and authenticity.
近年来，人们对记忆修改技术（MMTs）的研究越来越感兴趣。神经科学家和心理学家开始探索可控和有意修改人类记忆的前景。其中最有潜力的技术之一是光遗传学——一种涉及使用光来控制单个脑细胞活动的侵入性神经调节技术。它最近显示出了在动物模型中以其他 MMTs 尚无法实现的方式修改特定长期记忆的潜力。由于光遗传学的治疗潜力已经促使首次人体试验获得批准，因此特别重要和及时的是要考虑这项技术可能带来的机遇和危险。在本文中，我们通过分析可能与记忆修改相关的基本威胁，重点关注光遗传学作为 MMT 的可能后果：个性和真实性的潜在破坏。
