School of Nursing, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Aug;30(15-16):2270-2278. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15680. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
The study aimed to investigate the associations of suicide risk, self-efficacy and mental health help-seeking among the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT).
The LGBT individuals were found to have higher risk of suicide. However, mental health promotion and suicide prevention strategies were lacking in this population.
A cross-sectional survey with two-group comparison.
The LGBT group was recruited through snowballing method, which was then age-matched with the comparison group as the reference. The questionnaire contained demographics, self-rated health, suicide risk assessment and help-seeking indicators including formal (e.g. medical or psychiatric services) and informal (e.g. family or friends) help sought. Chi-square tests, t-tests, two-way ANOVA and multivariable regression were performed to test the differences between two groups. The methods followed STROBE criteria.
The LGBT group had a significantly higher prevalence of lifetime/recent suicide ideation, prior suicide attempts and mental distress or depressive symptoms. Their self-rated health and health-related self-efficacy were poorer than those of the comparison group and were associated with increased suicide risk levels. Among the 27.1% of LGBT who intended to seek help for depression, one in five visited psychiatric services. The LGBT were 2-4 times more likely than the comparison group to disclose their distress or seek informal help. However, psychiatric and medical service contacts were relatively low for suicide high-risk individuals in the LGBT group.
The LGBT individuals had a lower level of self-efficacy and higher suicidal risks than the general public. Healthcare professionals and the public should be aware of their informal help-seeking signals such as disclosure of suicide ideation to friends/relatives and connect them to proper mental health resources for further assessment.
The LGBT with suicide risks require early detection and proper referrals by first-line nurses to promote suicide prevention in this population.
本研究旨在调查同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者（LGBT）的自杀风险、自我效能感和心理健康求助之间的关联。
研究发现，LGBT 个体自杀风险较高。然而，针对这一人群的心理健康促进和自杀预防策略却很缺乏。
一项具有两组比较的横断面调查。
通过滚雪球法招募 LGBT 群体，然后与对照组进行年龄匹配。问卷包含人口统计学资料、自我评估健康状况、自杀风险评估以及求助指标，包括正式（如医疗或精神科服务）和非正式（如家庭或朋友）的求助。采用卡方检验、t 检验、双向方差分析和多变量回归来检验两组间的差异。方法遵循 STROBE 标准。
LGBT 群体有更高的终生/近期自杀意念、既往自杀企图以及精神困扰或抑郁症状的发生率。他们的自我评估健康状况和与健康相关的自我效能感均差于对照组，且与自杀风险水平的增加相关。在有 27.1%的 LGBT 打算寻求抑郁治疗的人中，有五分之一的人会去看精神科医生。与对照组相比，LGBT 更有可能向他人透露自己的痛苦或寻求非正式帮助，可能性为 2-4 倍。然而，在 LGBT 群体中，有自杀高风险的人去看精神科和医疗服务的比例相对较低。
LGBT 个体的自我效能感较低，自杀风险较高。医疗保健专业人员和公众应该意识到他们向朋友/亲戚透露自杀意念等非正式求助信号，并将他们转介到适当的心理健康资源进行进一步评估。
有自杀风险的 LGBT 需要一线护士的早期发现和适当转介，以促进该人群的自杀预防。
