School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Pneumoconiosis Mutual Aid Fund, Sham Shui Po, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 26;18(3):1092. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031092.
Pneumoconiosis is an irreversible chronic disease. With functional limitations and an inability to work, pneumoconiosis patients require support from family caregivers. However, the needs of pneumoconiosis caregivers have been neglected. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led education program, which involved four weekly 90-min workshops led by an experienced nurse and guided by Orem's self-care deficit theory. A single-group, repeated-measure study design was adopted. Caregivers' mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS, four single items for stress, worriedness, tiredness, and insufficient support), caregiving burdens (caregiving burden scale, CBS), and unmet direct support and enabling needs (Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool, CSNAT) were measured at the baseline (T0), immediately after (T1), and one month after intervention (T2); 49, 41, and 28 female participants completed the T0, T1, and T2 measurements. Mean age was 65.9 years old (SD 10.08) with a range between 37 and 85 years old. The program improved the caregivers' mental wellbeing, and reduced their caregiving burdens and their unmet support and enabling needs, both immediately (T1) and one-month after the intervention (T2). In particular, the intervention improved the caregivers' mental wellbeing significantly, specifically depression symptoms, stress, and tiredness immediately after the intervention; and reduced most of their unmet support needs and unmet enabling needs one-month after the intervention. This was the first nurse-led program for pneumoconiosis caregivers and should serve as a foundation for further studies to test the program with robust designs.
尘肺病是一种不可逆转的慢性疾病。由于功能受限和无法工作，尘肺病患者需要家庭照顾者的支持。然而，尘肺病照顾者的需求却被忽视了。本研究旨在评估由一位经验丰富的护士主导的教育计划的效果，该计划包括四个每周 90 分钟的小组课程，由 Orem 的自我护理缺陷理论指导。采用单组、重复测量的研究设计。在基线（T0）、干预后即刻（T1）和干预后一个月（T2），分别测量照顾者的心理健康（医院焦虑和抑郁量表，HADS，四个单项用于压力、担忧、疲倦和支持不足）、照顾负担（照顾负担量表，CBS）和未满足的直接支持和使能需求（照顾者支持需求评估工具，CSNAT）；共有 49、41 和 28 名女性参与者完成了 T0、T1 和 T2 的测量。平均年龄为 65.9 岁（标准差 10.08），年龄范围为 37 至 85 岁。该方案改善了照顾者的心理健康，减轻了他们的照顾负担以及未满足的支持和使能需求，无论是在干预后即刻（T1）还是一个月后（T2）。特别是，该干预方案立即改善了照顾者的心理健康，特别是抑郁症状、压力和疲倦；并在干预后一个月减轻了他们的大部分未满足的支持需求和未满足的使能需求。这是第一个针对尘肺病照顾者的护士主导的方案，应该作为进一步研究的基础，以更强大的设计来测试该方案。
