School of Environment and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Shanxi Research Academy of Environmental Science, Taiyuan, 030027, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jun;28(22):28207-28221. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12634-1. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
The antibiotic distributions, partitioning, and migration pathways in river basins have withdrawn great attention in the past decades. This study investigates 26 antibiotics of five classifications in surface water and sediment samples at 23 sites in Fenhe River, a typical tributary of Yellow River. There are 21 antibiotics found in the water samples at the concentration from 113.8 to 1106.0 ng/L, in the decreasing order of SAs > QNs > MLs > TCs > CAs. Fifteen antibiotics were detected in the sediment at the concentrations from 25.11 to 73.22 μg/kg following the decreasing order of SAs > MLs > TCs > QNs > CAs. The antibiotic concentrations vary greatly in surface water, generally lower in upstream and in reservoirs, and reaching highest in the midstream of the Fenhe River after passing Taiyuan and Jinzhong, and then lower again in the downstream. The antibiotic concentrations in sediment have a less variation in the entire river basin, but become high in the downstream. The results show the water-sediment partitioning coefficients of antibiotics generally were lower than those in other areas, having a migration path from the water to suspended solids, and then accumulated in sediment. The water-sediment partitioning coefficients also vary across the basin. The water-sediment partitioning coefficients of sulfacetamide and tetracycline are higher than the water-sediment partitioning coefficients of other antibiotics, with less variation across the basin, the water-sediment partitioning coefficients of azithromycin, enrofloxacin, and roxithromycin are low in the midstream of the river, and high at the river source and downstream. The water-sediment partitioning coefficients are significantly affected by the pH of sediment and the particle size of sediment. The prediction models of water-sediment partitioning coefficients for antibiotics are constructed with the selected effecting factors. The simulation values of antibiotics except chlortetracycline and erythromycin are highly consistent with the observed values, indicating that the prediction model is reliable.
过去几十年，抗生素在河流流域中的分布、分配和迁移途径引起了广泛关注。本研究调查了汾河 23 个采样点的地表水中五种分类的 26 种抗生素和沉积物中的抗生素，汾河是黄河的一条典型支流。在水样中发现了 21 种抗生素，浓度从 113.8 到 1106.0ng/L，顺序为磺胺类 > 喹诺酮类 > 林可霉素类 > 四环素类 > 氯霉素类。在沉积物中检测到 15 种抗生素，浓度从 25.11 到 73.22μg/kg，顺序为磺胺类 > 林可霉素类 > 四环素类 > 喹诺酮类 > 氯霉素类。地表水中抗生素浓度变化较大，一般上游和水库中浓度较低，在经过太原和晋中后在汾河中游达到最高，然后在下游再次降低。整个流域沉积物中抗生素浓度变化较小，但下游浓度较高。结果表明，抗生素的水-沉积物分配系数一般低于其他地区，其迁移途径为从水到悬浮物，然后在沉积物中积累。水-沉积物分配系数也因流域而异。磺胺醋酰和四环素的水-沉积物分配系数高于其他抗生素，流域内变化较小，河流中游的阿奇霉素、恩诺沙星和罗红霉素水-沉积物分配系数较低，河流源头和下游较高。水-沉积物分配系数受沉积物 pH 值和粒径的显著影响。选择影响因素构建了抗生素水-沉积物分配系数的预测模型。除土霉素和红霉素外，抗生素的模拟值与实测值高度一致，表明预测模型可靠。
