Wang Linfang, Dang Dexuan, Cao Leiping, Wang Huiyan, Liu Ruimin
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation, Sorghum Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China.
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Toxics. 2023 Jun 30;11(7):570. doi: 10.3390/toxics11070570.
Chloramphenicol antibiotics (CAs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics which are widely used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in livestock and poultry breeding. However, overused CAs can enter the watershed and eventually enter the sediment. Antibiotics in sediment can cause secondary pollution through disturbance and suspension. In this study, taking the Fenhe River Basin as the research area, the risk of CAs in sediment were assessed by collecting sediment samples. The results showed that CAs were detected in all sediment samples of the Fenhe River Basin. The mean concentration of CAs was 79.1 μg/kg, and the concentration of thiamphenicol (THI) was dominant, which was up to 58.3 μg/kg. Temporally, there are great differences in different seasons; the concentration of CAs was higher in winter than that in summer, up to 4.79-174 times. Spatially, the mean concentration of CAs in midstream was 83.5 μg/kg, which was higher than that in the upstream and downstream. The concentration of CAs in tributaries were generally higher than that in the main stream, and the mean concentration of tributaries was 1.1 times that of the main stream. CAs in S2 (Lanhe River) was the most prominent among all sample sites; the concentration of CAs was 190.8 μg/kg. The risk threshold of CAs in the sediment was calculated using the Equilibrium Partitioning approach (EqP), based on the distribution coefficient () and the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) in the water, and the values were 0.091-1.44 mg/kg. Based on the risk threshold, the ecological risk of the CAs in sediment was assessed using risk quotients (). The results showed that the Chloramphenicol (CHL) was the most prominent in the Fenhe River Basin, and the proportion of medium-risk areas reached 21.7%, while all the other areas showed low risk. Secondly, the proportion of medium-risk areas was 17.4% for THI, and all the other areas showed low risk. The risk for Florfenicol (FF) was least among all CAs, and the proportion of low-risk areas was only 8.7%, while all the other areas were of insignificant risk.
氯霉素类抗生素（CAs）是广谱抗生素，广泛应用于畜禽养殖中传染病的预防和治疗。然而，过度使用的CAs会进入流域并最终进入沉积物。沉积物中的抗生素会通过扰动和悬浮造成二次污染。本研究以汾河流域为研究区域，通过采集沉积物样本评估沉积物中CAs的风险。结果表明，汾河流域所有沉积物样本中均检测到CAs。CAs的平均浓度为79.1μg/kg，其中甲砜霉素（THI）的浓度占主导地位，高达58.3μg/kg。在时间上，不同季节存在很大差异；CAs的浓度冬季高于夏季，高达4.79 - 174倍。在空间上，中游CAs的平均浓度为83.5μg/kg，高于上游和下游。支流中CAs的浓度普遍高于干流，支流的平均浓度是干流的1.1倍。所有采样点中，S2（岚河）的CAs最为突出；CAs的浓度为190.8μg/kg。基于分配系数（）和水中预测无效应浓度（PNEC），采用平衡分配法（EqP）计算沉积物中CAs的风险阈值，其值为0.091 - 1.44mg/kg。基于该风险阈值，使用风险商数（）评估沉积物中CAs的生态风险。结果表明，汾河流域中氯霉素（CHL）最为突出，中风险区域的比例达到21.7%，而其他所有区域均显示低风险。其次，THI的中风险区域比例为17.4%，其他所有区域均显示低风险。氟苯尼考（FF）在所有CAs中的风险最小，低风险区域的比例仅为8.7%，而其他所有区域的风险可忽略不计。
