From the Departments of Public Health (Gump, Hruska) and Exercise Science (Heffernan), Syracuse University, Syracuse; Departments of Chemistry (Bendinskas) and Biological Sciences (MacKenzie), State University of New York College at Oswego, Oswego; Departments of Psychology (Park) and Nutrition (Brann), Syracuse University; and Department of Pediatrics (Atallah-Yunes), SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
Psychosom Med. 2021 Apr 1;83(3):265-273. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000921.
Research has consistently found associations between sleep characteristics and cardiovascular disease risk in children, adolescents, and adults. Although primarily investigated in clinical samples (e.g., in those with sleep disorders), greater left ventricular mass is associated with poor sleep quality in nonclinical adult populations as well; however, this has not been evaluated in children or adolescents. Our study aim was to consider the relationship between objectively measured sleep characteristics and left ventricular mass in children.
We assessed sleep and cardiac structure in a biracial sample of 9- to 11-year-old children (n = 176; 41% White, 59% Black; 50% female). Sleep was assessed with actigraphy for five nights. Cardiac dimensions were assessed using echocardiography.
After adjusting for covariates, we found that poor sleep quality was associated with significantly greater left ventricular mass (β = 0.13, t(167) = 2.14, p = .034, Cohen d = 0.16, for activity during sleep; β = 0.15, t(167) = 2.43, p = .016, Cohen d = 0.18, for sleep fragmentation). Other cardiac dimensions (namely, relative wall thickness and right ventricular dimension) were also significantly associated with sleep characteristics. Notably, associations did not differ as a function of sex or race.
The present findings are novel and unique because no prior reports have systematically documented the association between poor sleep quality with potentially detrimental cardiac remodeling in a nonclinical sample of children. However, the novelty and importance of these findings require additional research for confirmation.
研究一直发现儿童、青少年和成年人的睡眠特征与心血管疾病风险之间存在关联。尽管主要在临床样本中进行了研究（例如，在患有睡眠障碍的人群中），但非临床成年人群中左心室质量较大与睡眠质量差也有关；然而，这在儿童或青少年中尚未得到评估。我们的研究目的是考虑客观测量的睡眠特征与儿童左心室质量之间的关系。
我们评估了 176 名 9 至 11 岁的双种族儿童（41%为白人，59%为黑人；50%为女性）的睡眠和心脏结构。使用活动记录仪评估了五天的睡眠情况。使用超声心动图评估了心脏结构。
在调整了协变量后，我们发现睡眠质量差与左心室质量显著增加有关（β=0.13，t(167)=2.14，p=0.034，Cohen d=0.16，睡眠期间的活动；β=0.15，t(167)=2.43，p=0.016，Cohen d=0.18，睡眠片段化）。其他心脏维度（即相对壁厚度和右心室维度）也与睡眠特征显著相关。值得注意的是，关联不因性别或种族而异。
本研究结果是新颖而独特的，因为之前没有报告系统地记录了非临床儿童中睡眠质量差与潜在有害心脏重构之间的关联。然而，这些发现的新颖性和重要性需要进一步的研究来证实。
