Regenerative Processing Plant, LLC, 34176 US Highway 19 N Palm Harbor, Palm Harbor, FL 34684, USA.
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 1;22(3):1433. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031433.
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles enriched with MSC-sourced neuroprotective and immunomodulatory microRNAs, neural growth factors, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which attenuate neuro-inflammation, promote neo-vascularization, induce neurogenesis, and reduce apoptotic loss of neural cells. Accordingly, a large number of experimental studies demonstrated MSC-Exo-dependent improvement of cognitive impairment in experimental animals. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular and cellular mechanisms that were responsible for MSC-Exo-based restoration of cognitive function, emphasizing therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos in the treatment of neurocognitive disorders.
间充质干细胞（MSC）衍生的外泌体（MSC-Exo）是富含 MSC 来源的神经保护和免疫调节 microRNAs、神经生长因子和抗炎细胞因子的纳米大小细胞外囊泡，可减轻神经炎症、促进新生血管形成、诱导神经发生并减少神经细胞的凋亡丢失。因此，大量实验研究表明，MSC-Exo 可改善实验动物的认知障碍。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了目前关于分子和细胞机制的知识，这些机制负责基于 MSC-Exo 的认知功能恢复，强调了 MSC-Exos 在治疗神经认知障碍方面的治疗潜力。
