Zečević Ksenija, Houghton Catherine, Noone Chris, Lee Hopin, Matvienko-Sikar Karen, Toomey Elaine
Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.
HRB Open Res. 2021 Jan 18;3:56. doi: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13119.2. eCollection 2020.
There is a growing global movement towards open science and ensuring that health research is more transparent. It is vital that the researchers are adequately prepared for this research environment from early in their careers. However, limited research has been conducted on the barriers and enablers to practicing open science for early career researchers. This study aimed to explore the views, experiences and factors influencing open science practices amongst ECRs working in health research. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of ECRs working in health research. Participants also completed surveys regarding the factors influencing open science practices. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and descriptive statistical analyses were used to analyse survey data. 14 ECRs participated. Two main themes were identified from interview data; Valuing Open Science and Creating a Culture for Open Science. Within 'Valuing Open Science', participants spoke about the conceptualisation of open science to be open across the entire research cycle, and important for producing better and more impactful research for patients and the public. Within 'Creating a Culture of Open Science' participants spoke about a number of factors influencing their practice of open science. These included cultural and academic pressures, the positives and negatives of increased accountability and transparency, and the need for more training and supporting resources to facilitate open science practices. ECRs see the importance of open science for beneficially impacting patient and public health but many feel that they are not fully supported to practice open science. Resources and supports including education and training are needed, as are better incentives for open science activities. Crucially, tangible engagement from institutions, funders and researchers is needed to facilitate the development of an open science culture.
全球范围内，朝着开放科学发展并确保健康研究更加透明的运动正在兴起。研究人员从职业生涯早期就为这种研究环境做好充分准备至关重要。然而，针对早期职业研究人员开展开放科学的障碍和促进因素的研究却很有限。本研究旨在探讨从事健康研究的早期职业研究人员对开放科学实践的看法、经历和影响因素。对从事健康研究的早期职业研究人员进行了便利抽样的半结构化个人访谈。参与者还完成了关于影响开放科学实践因素的调查。采用主题分析法分析定性数据，采用描述性统计分析法分析调查数据。14名早期职业研究人员参与了研究。从访谈数据中确定了两个主要主题：重视开放科学和营造开放科学文化。在“重视开放科学”主题中，参与者谈到开放科学的概念应贯穿整个研究周期，对为患者和公众开展更好、更具影响力的研究很重要。在“营造开放科学文化”主题中，参与者谈到了一些影响他们开放科学实践的因素。这些因素包括文化和学术压力、增加问责制和透明度的利弊，以及需要更多培训和支持资源以促进开放科学实践。早期职业研究人员认识到开放科学对有益影响患者和公众健康的重要性，但许多人觉得他们在开展开放科学方面没有得到充分支持。需要包括教育和培训在内的资源和支持，以及对开放科学活动更好的激励措施。至关重要的是，机构、资助者和研究人员需要切实参与，以促进开放科学文化的发展。
