Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, México.
Int J Mol Med. 2021 Apr;47(4). doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Currently, the world is under a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). This disease is characterized by a respiratory syndrome that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, limited effective therapies are available for the prevention or treatment of COVID‑19; therefore, it is necessary to propose novel treatment options with immunomodulatory effects. Vitamin D serves functions in bone health and has been recently reported to exert protective effects against respiratory infections. Observational studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and a poor prognosis of COVID‑19; this is alarming as vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. In Latin America, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is unknown, and currently, this region is in the top 10 according to the number of confirmed COVID‑19 cases. Supplementation with vitamin D may be a useful adjunctive treatment for the prevention of COVID‑19 complications. The present review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of COVID‑19 and sets out vitamin D recommendations for the Latin American population.
目前，世界正处于严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）的大流行之中，该病毒引发 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。这种疾病的特征是呼吸系统综合征，可发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征。迄今为止，预防或治疗 COVID-19 的有效疗法有限；因此，有必要提出具有免疫调节作用的新型治疗选择。维生素 D 具有维持骨骼健康的功能，最近有报道称其对呼吸道感染具有保护作用。观察性研究表明，维生素 D 缺乏与 COVID-19 预后不良之间存在关联；而维生素 D 缺乏是一个全球性的健康问题，这令人担忧。在拉丁美洲，维生素 D 缺乏的流行情况尚不清楚，而目前根据确诊 COVID-19 病例的数量，该地区在全球排名前十。补充维生素 D 可能是预防 COVID-19 并发症的一种有用的辅助治疗方法。本综述概述了维生素 D 在预防 COVID-19 方面的潜在免疫调节作用的现有知识，并为拉丁美洲人群提出了维生素 D 的建议。
