美国（NHANES，2003-2014 年）人群尿液中多环芳烃浓度与乙型肝炎病毒抗体血清学标志物。
Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations and hepatitis B antibody serology in the United States (NHANES, 2003-2014).
机构信息
Oregon State University, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Oregon State University, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2021 Apr;195:110801. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110801. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
BACKGROUND
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental contaminants that are hepatotoxic and immunotoxic. PAH exposure may modulate hepatitis B immunology.
OBJECTIVE
We used data from 6 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2014) to evaluate the associations between urinary PAH metabolites and hepatitis B serology.
METHODS
This analysis included individuals who self-reported receiving ≥3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine and urinary PAH metabolites (i.e. 1-napthol, 2-napthol, 3-fluorene, 2-fluorene, 1-phenanthrene, 1-pyrene, and total PAH [sum of all metabolites]). Separate logistic regression models assessed the association between hepatitis B vaccination status (i.e. individuals who were immune due to vaccination or susceptible) and tertiles of urinary PAH. Models were adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, survey cycle, family income to poverty ratio, BMI, country of birth, serum cotinine, and urinary creatinine.
RESULTS
Among participants who reported receiving ≥3 doses of vaccine and had no antibodies indicating a history of hepatitis B infection and/or current hepatitis B infection, dose-response relationships were observed where individuals with the lowest odds of serology indicating a response to the hepatitis B vaccine (i.e., anti-HBs, anti-HBc, and HBsAg) were in the highest tertile of 2-Napthol (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54, 0.91), 3-Napthol (aOR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.87), 2-Fluorene (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.86), 1-Phenanthrene (aOR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97), 1-Pyrene (aOR): 0.68, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.83), and total PAH (aOR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.95) had the compared to the lowest tertile.
CONCLUSION
This cross-sectional study supports a hypothesis that PAH exposures experienced by the general US population may modulate hepatitis B vaccine induced immunity. Given the ubiquity of PAH exposures in the US, additional research is warranted to explore the effects of chronic PAH exposures on hepatitis B related humoral immunity.
背景
多环芳烃（PAHs）是具有肝毒性和免疫毒性的环境污染物。PAH 暴露可能会调节乙型肝炎的免疫学。
目的
我们使用了 6 轮全国健康和营养检查调查（2003-2014 年）的数据，评估了尿 PAH 代谢物与乙型肝炎血清学之间的关联。
方法
本分析包括自我报告接受≥3 剂乙型肝炎疫苗和尿 PAH 代谢物（即 1-萘酚、2-萘酚、3-芴、2-芴、1-菲、1-芘和总 PAH[所有代谢物的总和]）的个体。单独的逻辑回归模型评估了乙型肝炎疫苗接种状态（即因接种而具有免疫力或易感性的个体）与尿 PAH 三分位之间的关联。模型调整了年龄、性别、种族/民族、调查周期、家庭收入与贫困比率、BMI、出生地、血清可替宁和尿肌酐。
结果
在报告接受≥3 剂疫苗且无抗体表明乙型肝炎感染史和/或当前乙型肝炎感染的参与者中，观察到剂量反应关系，即对乙型肝炎疫苗有最低反应几率的个体（即抗-HBs、抗-HBc 和 HBsAg）处于 2-萘酚（调整后的优势比[aOR]：0.70，95%置信区间[CI]：0.54，0.91）、3-萘酚（aOR：0.68，95%CI：0.53，0.87）、2-芴（aOR：0.61，95%CI：0.54，0.86）、1-菲（aOR：0.79，95%CI：0.65，0.97）、1-芘（aOR：0.68，95%CI：0.55，0.83）和总 PAH（aOR：0.73，95%CI：0.56，0.95）的三分位最高。
结论
这项横断面研究支持了一种假设，即美国普通人群中经历的 PAH 暴露可能会调节乙型肝炎疫苗诱导的免疫。鉴于美国 PAH 暴露的普遍性，需要进一步研究以探索慢性 PAH 暴露对乙型肝炎相关体液免疫的影响。
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