Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
Biological Sciences Department, School of Arts and Science, New York City College of Technology, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 2;18(3):1334. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031334.
Particulate matter is associated with increased morbidity and mortality; its effects depend on particle size and chemical content. It is important to understand the composition and resultant toxicological profile of particulate organic compounds, the largest and most complex fraction of particulate matter. The objective of the study was to delineate the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral fingerprint of the biologically relevant water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction of size fractionated urban aerosol. A combination of one and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy methods was used. The size distribution of particle mass, water-soluble extract, non-exchangeable organic hydrogen functional types and specific biomarkers such as levoglucosan, methane sulfonate, ammonium and saccharides indicated the contribution of fresh and aged wood burning emissions, anthropogenic and biogenic secondary aerosol for fine particles and primary traffic exhausts and pollen for large particles. Humic-like macromolecules in the fine particle size range included branched carbon structures containing aromatic, olefinic, keto and nitrile groups and terminal carboxylic and hydroxyl groups such as terpenoid-like polycarboxylic acids and polyols. Our study show that 2D-NMR spectroscopy can be applied to study the chemical composition of size fractionated aerosols.
颗粒物与发病率和死亡率的增加有关；其影响取决于颗粒大小和化学组成。了解颗粒物中有机化合物的组成和由此产生的毒理学特征很重要，因为有机化合物是颗粒物中最大和最复杂的部分。本研究的目的是描绘分选出的城市气溶胶中与生物学相关的水溶性有机碳（WSOC）部分的核磁共振（NMR）光谱特征。使用了一维和二维 NMR 光谱方法的组合。颗粒质量、水溶性提取物、不可交换有机氢官能团类型以及特定生物标志物（如左旋葡聚糖、甲磺酸、铵和糖）的大小分布表明，新鲜和老化的木材燃烧排放物、人为和生物二次气溶胶、细颗粒中的主要交通尾气和大颗粒中的花粉都有贡献。在细颗粒范围内，类腐殖质的大分子包含支链碳结构，其中含有芳香族、烯烃、酮和腈基以及末端羧酸和羟基，如萜类多元羧酸和多元醇。我们的研究表明，2D-NMR 光谱可用于研究分选出的气溶胶的化学组成。
