The Intervention CenterOslo University Hospital0188OsloNorway.
Faculty of MedicineInstitute of Health and Society, University of Oslo0372OsloNorway.
IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med. 2021 Jan 20;9:4000110. doi: 10.1109/JTEHM.2021.3053172. eCollection 2021.
Most of the previous studies of drone transport of blood samples examined normal blood samples transported under tranquil air conditions. We studied the effects of 1- and 2-hour drone flights using random vibration and turbulence simulation (10-30 g-force) on blood samples from 16 healthy volunteers and 74 patients with varying diseased.
Thirty-two of the most common analytes were tested. For biochemical analytes, we used plasma collected in lithium heparin tubes with and without separator gel. Gel samples were analyzed for the effect of separation by centrifugation before or after turbulence. Turbulence was simulated in an LDS V8900 high-force shaker using random vibration (range, 5-200 Hz), with samples randomly allocated to 1- or 2-hour flights with 25 or 50 episodes of turbulence from 10 to 30 G.
For all hematologic and most biochemical analytes, test results before and after turbulence exposure were similar (bias < 12%, intercepts < 10%). However, aspartate aminotransferase, folate, lactate dehydrogenase and lipid index increased significantly in samples separated by gel and centrifugation prior to vibration and turbulence test. These changes increased form 10 G to 30 G, but were not observed when the samples were separated after vibration and turbulence.
Whole blood showed little vulnerability to turbulence, whereas plasma samples separated from blood cells by gel may be significantly influenced by turbulence when separated by spinning before the exposure. Centrifugation of plasma samples collected in tubes with separator gel should be avoided before drone flights that could be subject to turbulence.
之前大多数关于无人机运输血样的研究都检查了在平静空气条件下运输的正常血样。我们研究了使用随机振动和湍流模拟（10-30g 力）在 16 名健康志愿者和 74 名患有不同疾病的患者的血液样本上进行 1 小时和 2 小时的无人机飞行的影响。
测试了 32 种最常见的分析物。对于生化分析物，我们使用含有和不含有分离凝胶的肝素锂管收集的血浆。在进行或不进行分离的情况下，凝胶样品在进行湍流之前或之后进行离心分析。在 LDS V8900 高力振荡器中使用随机振动（范围为 5-200Hz）模拟湍流，将样本随机分配到 1 小时或 2 小时的飞行中，每次飞行有 25 或 50 次湍流，强度为 10-30G。
对于所有的血液学和大多数生化分析物，在暴露于湍流前后的测试结果相似（偏差<12%，截距<10%）。然而，在振动和湍流试验前，凝胶分离的样本中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、叶酸、乳酸脱氢酶和脂质指数显著升高。这些变化从 10G 增加到 30G，但在振动和湍流后分离样本时未观察到这些变化。
全血对湍流的敏感性较小，而通过凝胶从血细胞中分离的血浆样本在暴露前通过旋转分离时可能会受到湍流的显著影响。在可能受到湍流影响的无人机飞行前，应避免对含有分离凝胶的管中收集的血浆样本进行离心。
