Molnár Dávid, Mező Marléne, Vaska Zita, Sevecsek Zsuzsanna, Helfferich Frigyes
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Centre, Hungarian Defence Forces, Budapest, HUN.
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapet, HUN.
Cureus. 2021 Jan 2;13(1):e12425. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12425.
Blunt trauma of the head can result in temporal bone fracture. Different classifications exist, but from a functional perspective, to distinguish otic capsule sparing and otic capsule disrupting fractures is superior to the classic nomenclature. Disruption of the otic capsule is often associated with sensorineural hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction, cerebrospinal leakage, or even intracranial consequences. Pneumolabyrinth describes the condition when air is enclosed within the inner ear. It is a result of a pathological communication between the labyrinth and the middle ear spaces that often occurs due to trauma. It is not a ubiquitous but obvious radiographic hallmark of otic capsule violation. The present case is about a young woman who suffered a temporal bone fracture that involved the right lateral semicircular canal. Multiplanar and segmentation images were generated to depict the pneumolabyrinth developed in the lateral semicircular canal. Despite the preserved hearing, vestibular dysfunction was registered during the video head impulse test and videonystagmography. Treatment of pneumolabyrinth after temporal bone fracture can be a matter of surgery or conservative therapy. In the present case, we preferred conservative therapy because of the absence of serious consequences. Nevertheless, timing and the type of therapeutic modality must be personalized.
头部钝器伤可导致颞骨骨折。虽然存在不同的分类方法，但从功能角度来看，区分未累及听骨链的骨折和累及听骨链的骨折比传统命名法更具优势。听骨链中断常伴有感音神经性听力损失、前庭功能障碍、脑脊液漏，甚至颅内并发症。中耳迷路积气是指空气被困于内耳内的情况。它是迷路与中耳腔之间病理性相通的结果，常因外伤所致。它并非普遍存在，但却是听骨链受损的明显影像学特征。本病例是关于一名年轻女性，她发生了累及右侧外半规管的颞骨骨折。通过多平面和分割图像来描绘外半规管内形成的中耳迷路积气。尽管听力未受影响，但在视频头脉冲试验和视频眼震图检查中发现了前庭功能障碍。颞骨骨折后中耳迷路积气的治疗可采用手术或保守治疗。在本病例中，由于未出现严重后果，我们选择了保守治疗。然而，治疗时机和治疗方式的选择必须因人而异。
