Gandolfo C, Caponnetto C, Del Sette M, Santoloci D, Loeb C
Department of Neurology, University of Genoa, Italy.
Acta Neurol Scand. 1988 Jan;77(1):22-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1988.tb06968.x.
The association between some hypothetical risk factors (previous TIA, hypertension, ECG ischemic abnormalities, diabetes, cigarette smoking, atrial fibrillation, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high hematocrit) and lacunar syndromes has been evaluated by a matched sample case-control study involving 108 consecutive, incident cases with lacunar syndrome and 216 hospital control subjects, matched for sex and age. A significant increase of Relative Risk (RR) has been shown for: 1. Previous history of TIA; 2. Hypertension; 3. Smoking; 4. Diabetes. No relevance was shown for: 1. Atrial fibrillation; 2. Hypercholesterolemia; 3. Hypertriglyceridemia; 4. High hematocrit. The analysis of the triplets of subjects (1 case + 2 controls) without hypertension showed a significant RR increase for: 1. Previous history of TIA; 2. Ischemic cardiac abnormalities; 3. Atrial fibrillation. Such findings support the hypothesis that, in a minority of cases with lacunar syndrome, the pathogenetic mechanism could be different from occlusion of penetrating arteries in hypertensive patients.
一项配对样本病例对照研究评估了一些假设的风险因素（既往短暂性脑缺血发作、高血压、心电图缺血异常、糖尿病、吸烟、心房颤动、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、高血细胞比容）与腔隙综合征之间的关联。该研究纳入了108例连续的新发腔隙综合征病例和216例医院对照受试者，按照性别和年龄进行配对。结果显示相对风险（RR）显著增加的因素有：1. 既往短暂性脑缺血发作史；2. 高血压；3. 吸烟；4. 糖尿病。未显示出相关性的因素有：1. 心房颤动；2. 高胆固醇血症；3. 高甘油三酯血症；4. 高血细胞比容。对无高血压的受试者三联组（1例病例 + 2例对照）进行分析，结果显示RR显著增加的因素有：1. 既往短暂性脑缺血发作史；2. 缺血性心脏异常；3. 心房颤动。这些发现支持了这样一种假设，即在少数腔隙综合征病例中，发病机制可能不同于高血压患者的穿通动脉闭塞。
