Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Orthopedics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and the Central Military Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Jun;142(6):1067-1074. doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-03800-8. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Almost 70 scapular fractures in children and adolescents, up to the age of 17 years, have been described in detail in the literature since 1839. The diagnosis of these injuries was based on autopsy, radiographs, CT and MRI examinations. The most frequent findings were fractures/epiphyseolyses of the coracoid, followed by fractures of the infraspinous part of the body and avulsion of the inferior angle of the scapular body. Less common were fractures of the acromion. Intra-articular fractures of the glenoid, or separation of an intact glenoid along the line of the anatomical or surgical necks, were reported only sporadically. Scapulothoracic dissociation was also recorded in several cases. The majority of fractures were treated non-operatively; operative treatment was used in glenoid fractures, certain fractures of the coracoid and fractures of the scapular body with intrathoracic penetration. Except for scapulothoracic dissociation, outcomes of treatment of these injuries were very good.
自 1839 年以来，文献中详细描述了 70 例发生在儿童和青少年（年龄不超过 17 岁）的肩胛骨折。这些损伤的诊断依据是尸检、X 线片、CT 和 MRI 检查。最常见的发现是喙突的骨折/骺分离，其次是肩胛体的棘突下部分骨折和肩胛体下角的撕脱。肩峰骨折较少见。关节内的盂骨骨折，或完整的盂骨沿解剖颈或手术颈线分离，仅偶有报道。几例还记录了肩胛胸关节分离。大多数骨折采用非手术治疗；关节内的盂骨骨折、某些喙突骨折和穿透胸腔的肩胛体骨折采用手术治疗。除了肩胛胸关节分离，这些损伤的治疗效果都非常好。
