Research Center for Low Carbon Technology of Water Environment, School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
Research Center for Low Carbon Technology of Water Environment, School of Environment and Natural Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
Environ Res. 2021 Apr;195:110843. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110843. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in urban China generally face operational difficulties. To comprehensively analyze the current operation status and determine the factors that caused difficulties in urban domestic WWTPs, we conducted a questionnaire survey, and 18 operating conditions of scale-level WWTPs in seven regions in China were investigated. The research results showed that, of the 467-urban domestic WWTPs surveyed in China, approximately 63.17% of the WWTPs' hydraulic loading rates (HLRs) are greater than 80%, 67.02% of the WWTPs have mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentrations greater than 4000 mg/L, and 95.93% of the WWTPs' mixed liquor volatile suspended solids to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLVSS/MLSS) ratios are lower than 0.7. The WWTP energy consumption accounts for approximately 1% of the national electricity consumption, and approximately 100,000 tons of various chemicals are consumed every year. A high HLR, a high activated sludge concentration and low sludge activity, design value mismatches with actual values, high energy and material consumption, etc. have become the main operational difficulties of urban domestic WWTPs. In this study, the main barriers that hinder improving the operating efficiency of WWTPs were investigated, the causes of operational dilemmas were analyzed, and pathways were jointly explored to solve them. This study may provide valuable implications for industry practitioners with a comprehensive grasp of the industry's current status and related policy formulation.
中国城市污水处理厂普遍面临运营困难。为全面分析当前运行状况，确定造成城市生活污水处理厂运行困难的因素，我们进行了问卷调查，调查了中国七个地区的 18 个规模级别的污水处理厂的运行情况。研究结果表明，在所调查的中国 467 座城市生活污水处理厂中，约有 63.17%的污水处理厂水力负荷率（HLR）大于 80%，67.02%的污水处理厂混合液悬浮固体（MLSS）浓度大于 4000mg/L，95.93%的污水处理厂混合液挥发性悬浮固体与混合液悬浮固体（MLVSS/MLSS）的比值小于 0.7。污水处理厂的能耗约占全国用电量的 1%，每年消耗约 10 万吨各种化学物质。高 HLR、高活性污泥浓度和低污泥活性、设计值与实际值不匹配、高能源和材料消耗等已成为城市生活污水处理厂的主要运行难题。本研究探讨了制约污水处理厂运行效率提高的主要障碍，分析了运行困境的原因，并共同探讨了解决这些问题的途径。本研究可能为行业从业者提供有价值的启示，使他们全面掌握行业现状和相关政策制定。
