Affiliation: School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, PR China.
School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Mar;152:105979. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.105979. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Due to immaturity in their physical and cognitive development, children are particularly vulnerable to road traffic injuries as pedestrians. Child pedestrian injury primarily occurs in urban areas, with a significant share at crosswalks. The aim of this study is to explore whether an intervention programme based on the theory of "behaviour spectrums" can improve the street-crossing skills of primary school children. Children were recruited near a local primary school through invitation letters and were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (n = 10, no intervention) and an experimental group (n = 10, intervention). The children in the experimental group received 30-45 min of training. The child participants were asked to wear an eye tracker and performed a crossing test in a real-world street environment; in this test, they were required to successively pass through an unsignalised intersection, an unsignalised T-intersection and a signalised intersection on a designated test route. A high-definition camera was used to record the children's crossing behaviour, and the Tobii Pro Glasses 2 eye tracker was used to derive indicators of the children's visual behaviour in the areas of interest (AOIs) in the street. The evaluation was conducted on children's crossing behaviour in the control group (which received no intervention) and the experimental group (tested at two time points after the intervention: children tested immediately after the intervention and children retested one month after the intervention). The results showed that compared with the control group, the children in the experimental group no longer focused on the small area around the body (e.g., the zebra crossing area) and the area in front of the eyes (e.g., the sidewalk area), which increased their visual attention to the traffic areas on the left and right sides of the zebra crossing; thus, unsafe crossing behaviour was reduced in the experimental group. Compared with the experimental group immediately after the intervention, the intervention effect on some indicators showed a significant weakening trend in the retest of the experimental group one month later. Overall, the results show that an intervention programme based on the theory of "behaviour spectrums" can improve children's crossing skills. This study provides valuable information for the development and evaluation of intervention programmes to improve children's street-crossing skills.
由于儿童在身体和认知发育上尚未成熟，他们作为行人特别容易受到道路交通伤害。儿童行人伤害主要发生在城市地区，尤其是在人行横道处。本研究旨在探讨基于“行为光谱”理论的干预方案是否能提高小学生的过街技能。通过邀请函，我们在当地一所小学附近招募儿童，并将他们随机分为两组：对照组（n = 10，无干预）和实验组（n = 10，干预）。实验组的儿童接受了 30-45 分钟的培训。要求儿童参与者佩戴眼动追踪器，在真实街道环境中进行过街测试；在该测试中，他们需要依次穿过无信号交叉口、无信号 T 型交叉口和指定测试路线上的信号交叉口。使用高清摄像机记录儿童的过街行为，使用 Tobii Pro Glasses 2 眼动追踪器从街道兴趣区域（AOIs）中得出儿童视觉行为的指标。在对照组（未接受干预）和实验组（在干预后进行了两次测试：干预后立即测试和干预后一个月的复测）中对儿童的过街行为进行了评估。结果表明，与对照组相比，实验组的儿童不再关注身体周围的小区域（如斑马线路段）和眼睛前方的区域（如人行道区域），而是增加了对斑马线路段左右两侧交通区域的视觉关注；因此，实验组的不安全过街行为减少了。与干预后立即的实验组相比，一个月后实验组复测时，一些指标的干预效果显示出明显的减弱趋势。总体而言，研究结果表明，基于“行为光谱”理论的干预方案可以提高儿童的过街技能。本研究为提高儿童过街技能的干预方案的制定和评估提供了有价值的信息。
