Koekemoer Karin, Van Gesselleen Megan, Van Niekerk Ashley, Govender Rajen, Van As Arjan Bastiaan
South African Medical Research Council-University of South Africa Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, PO Box 1087, Lenasia, 1820, South Africa.
South African Medical Research Council-University of South Africa Violence, Injury and Peace Research Unit, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg, 7505, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa, PO Box 1087, Lenasia, 1820, South Africa.
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Feb;99(Pt A):202-209. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.11.020. Epub 2016 Dec 10.
Pedestrian injuries are a leading cause of death among South African children, and young children residing in low-income communities are more at risk, due to various factors such as inadequate road infrastructure, exposure to traffic due to reliance on walking as a means of transport, and lack of supervision. This study used a cross-sectional, non-randomized self-report survey to assess pedestrian safety knowledge, road-crossing behaviour and pedestrian injuries of primary school children in selected low-income settings in Cape Town. The survey focused on three primary schools that had joined the Safe Kids Worldwide Model School Zone Project and was administered to 536 children aged 6-15 years, in their home language of isiXhosa. Descriptive and bivariate analyses as well as multivariate regression analyses were conducted to investigate potential predictor variables for pedestrian collision severity and unsafe road-crossing behaviour. Walking was the sole form of travel for 81% of the children, with a large proportion regularly walking unsupervised. Children who walk to or from school alone were younger and reported riskier road-crossing behaviour, although children who walk accompanied tended to have higher pedestrian collision severity. "Negligent Behaviour" related to road-crossing was significantly associated with higher pedestrian collision severity, with predictors of "Negligent Behaviour" including the lack of pedestrian safety knowledge and greater exposure to traffic in terms of time spent walking. More than half of the reported pedestrian collisions involved a bicycle, and older boys (10-15 years) were most at risk of experiencing a severe pedestrian injury. The findings substantiate emerging evidence that children in low-income settings are at greater risk for child pedestrian injury, and emphasise the need for evidence-based safety promotion and injury prevention interventions in these settings.
行人受伤是南非儿童死亡的主要原因之一，居住在低收入社区的幼儿面临的风险更高，这是由多种因素造成的，比如道路基础设施不足、因依赖步行作为出行方式而暴露于交通环境中，以及缺乏监管。本研究采用横断面、非随机自我报告调查，以评估开普敦选定低收入地区小学生的行人安全知识、过马路行为及行人受伤情况。该调查聚焦于三所加入了“全球安全儿童示范校区项目”的小学，以孩子们的母语科萨语对536名6至15岁的儿童进行了调查。进行了描述性和双变量分析以及多变量回归分析，以调查行人碰撞严重程度和不安全过马路行为的潜在预测变量。81%的儿童唯一的出行方式是步行，很大一部分儿童经常在无人监管的情况下步行。独自步行上下学的儿童年龄更小，报告的过马路行为风险更高，不过有陪同步行的儿童行人碰撞严重程度往往更高。与过马路相关的“疏忽行为”与更高的行人碰撞严重程度显著相关，“疏忽行为”的预测因素包括缺乏行人安全知识以及步行时间方面更多地暴露于交通环境中。报告的行人碰撞事件中，超过一半涉及自行车，年龄较大的男孩（10至15岁）遭受严重行人伤害的风险最高。研究结果证实了新出现的证据，即低收入环境中的儿童遭受儿童行人伤害的风险更大，并强调在这些环境中需要开展基于证据的安全促进和伤害预防干预措施。
