Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
Respir Investig. 2021 May;59(3):291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2020.12.007. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Asthma is a chronic disease with major public health ramifications owing to its high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in severe and recurrent cases. Conventional therapeutic options could partially alleviate the burden of asthma, yet a novel approach is needed to completely control this condition. To do so, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying asthma is essential to recognize and treat the major pathways that drive its pathophysiology. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanism of asthma, in particular focusing on the type of inflammatory responses it elicits, namely type 2 and non-type 2 asthma. Furthermore, we will discuss the novel therapeutic options that target the aberrant molecules found in asthma pathophysiology. We will specifically focus on the role of novel monoclonal antibody therapies recently developed, such as the anti-IgE, IL-5, IL-5Rα, and IL-4Rα antibodies, drugs that have been extensively studied preclinically and clinically.
哮喘是一种慢性疾病，其高发病率和死亡率对公共健康有重大影响，尤其是在严重和反复发作的情况下。传统的治疗选择可以部分缓解哮喘的负担，但需要一种新的方法来完全控制这种疾病。为此，全面了解哮喘的分子机制对于识别和治疗驱动其病理生理学的主要途径至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论哮喘的分子机制，特别是重点讨论它引发的炎症反应类型，即 2 型和非 2 型哮喘。此外，我们还将讨论针对哮喘病理生理学中异常分子的新型治疗选择。我们将特别关注最近开发的新型单克隆抗体疗法的作用，例如抗 IgE、IL-5、IL-5Rα 和 IL-4Rα 抗体，这些药物已在临床前和临床研究中进行了广泛研究。
