Liu YiWen, Liu Hao, Liu ZhongQiang
School of Physical Education, North Sichuan Medical College, Nangchong, China.
School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 22;11:625501. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.625501. eCollection 2020.
The objectives of the study were to explore the effect of self-presentation and psychological needs on exercise dependence and to provide an essential reference for preventing and inhibiting the production of exercise dependence in overweight college students.
The freshmen in two comprehensive universities accepted physical fitness tests, filled out the scales of self-presentation, psychological needs, and exercise dependence after obtaining their consent. A sample of 747 overweight college students who have regular exercise was screened using the formula of Fox sports participation and the standard of overweight for Chinese adults. Multiple regression, exploratory factor, and confirmatory factor analyses were used to analyze the related data.
(1) In overweight college students, compared with the lower peers, those with higher physical attractiveness were more likely to suffer from detoxification of emotion, physiology, and vitality, and compared with the lower peers, those with higher self-presentation were more likely to appear in physiological abstinence. (2) The self-presentation of overweight male and female students has a significant positive influence on psychological needs (beta = 0.31, < 0.01, and 0.37, < 0.01, respectively, for males and females) and exercise dependence (beta = -0.21, < 0.01, and 0.26, < 0.01, respectively, for males and females). In contrast, psychological needs have a significant negative influence on exercise dependence (beta = -0.21, < 0.01, and -0.26, < 0.01, respectively, for males and females). (3) The psychological needs of overweight male and female college students were established as the mediating effect of self-presentation and exercise dependence. The mediating effect of psychological needs of females was higher than that of males (18.5 vs. 15.5%). The "ability display" of male and female students can affect "emotional distress" by "autonomy" and "competence." The sense of relationship partially mediated the "attractiveness" of male and female students. Also, females on the one hand, rely on "weight control" by "competence" to produce some mediating effects on "physiological distress." At the same time, the "ability display" by "competence" has a full mediating effect on "physiological distress."
In the self-presentation of the overweight college students, the higher scores in "attractiveness," "weight control," and "ability display," the higher the psychological needs and exercise dependence; the higher the autonomy, competence, and relationship, the less the emotional, physiological, and dynamic distress.
本研究旨在探讨自我展示和心理需求对运动依赖的影响，为预防和抑制超重大学生运动依赖的产生提供重要参考。
两所综合性大学的新生接受体能测试，在获得他们同意后填写自我展示、心理需求和运动依赖量表。使用福克斯体育参与公式和中国成年人超重标准，筛选出747名有规律运动的超重大学生样本。采用多元回归、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析对相关数据进行分析。
（1）在超重大学生中，与较低水平的同龄人相比，身体吸引力较高的人更容易出现情绪、生理和活力方面的脱瘾症状，与较低水平的同龄人相比，自我展示较高的人更容易出现生理禁欲症状。（2）超重男女生的自我展示对心理需求（男性和女性的β值分别为0.31，<0.01和0.37，<0.01）和运动依赖（男性和女性的β值分别为-0.21，<0.01和0.26，<0.01）有显著的正向影响。相比之下，心理需求对运动依赖有显著的负向影响（男性和女性的β值分别为-0.21，<0.01和-0.26，<0.01）。（3）超重男女生的心理需求被确立为自我展示和运动依赖的中介效应。女性心理需求的中介效应高于男性（18.5%对15.5%）。男女生的“能力展示”可以通过“自主性”和“能力”影响“情绪困扰”。关系感部分中介了男女生的“吸引力”。此外，女性一方面通过“能力”依赖“体重控制”对“生理困扰”产生一些中介效应。同时，“能力”的“能力展示 ”对“生理困扰”有完全中介效应。
在超重大学生的自我展示中，“吸引力”、“体重控制”和“能力展示”得分越高，心理需求和运动依赖越高；自主性、能力和关系感越高，情绪、生理和活力困扰越少。
