Keyata Ebisa Olika, Tola Yetenayet B, Bultosa Geremew, Forsido Sirawdink Fikreyesus
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Wollega University, P.O. Box 38, Shambu, Ethiopia.
Department of Post-Harvest Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box: 307, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2021 Jan 13;7(1):e05939. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05939. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Information on phytochemical contents, antioxidant activity and functional properties of underutilized plants Figl ( L.), Girgir ( L.) and Karkade ( L.) grown in Benishangul Gumuz, Ethiopia are limited. In view of this, leaves and roots of Figl, leaves of Girgir, calyces and seeds of Karkade were evaluated following standard analytical methods. The total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, β-carotene and L-ascorbic acid contents were ranged: 5.28-35.97, 0.01-2.53, 0.15-0.42 and 0.28-1.49 (db mg/g), respectively. The total flavonoids content, total anthocyanins content and antioxidant capacity were high in the brown calyces of Karkade, but are low in the roots of Figl. The antioxidant activity of roots of Figl and seeds of Karkade were low. The effective inhibitory concentration (IC) toward 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity demanded from brown calyces of Karkade was low and the IC was strong negatively correlated with β-carotene and L-ascorbic acid contents (i.e., achieve IC with low amounts of these bioactive compounds). The ferric reducing antioxidant power was positively strong correlated with total flavonoids and anthocyanins content. The finding showed that calyces of Karkade can be used as a candidate to substitute synthetic antioxidants and food colorant in food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries because of their high antioxidant capacity, desired color and as a good source of phytochemicals. The study also showed that the leaves of Figl and Girgir were found to exhibit good sources of vitamin C, β-carotene with low bulk density. Because of these properties, they can be regarded as good candidate to supplement micronutrients particularly for vulnerable groups like infants and young children.
关于在埃塞俄比亚贝尼尚古尔-古穆兹生长的未充分利用植物菲吉尔（L.）、吉尔吉尔（L.）和卡卡德（L.）的植物化学成分、抗氧化活性及功能特性的信息有限。鉴于此，按照标准分析方法对菲吉尔的叶和根、吉尔吉尔的叶、卡卡德的花萼和种子进行了评估。总黄酮、总花青素、β-胡萝卜素和L-抗坏血酸含量分别为：5.28 - 35.97、0.01 - 2.53、0.15 - 0.42和0.28 - 1.49（干基mg/g）。卡卡德棕色花萼中的总黄酮含量、总花青素含量和抗氧化能力较高，但菲吉尔根中的含量较低。菲吉尔根和卡卡德种子的抗氧化活性较低。卡卡德棕色花萼对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基清除活性的有效抑制浓度（IC）较低，且IC与β-胡萝卜素和L-抗坏血酸含量呈强负相关（即少量这些生物活性化合物就能达到IC）。铁还原抗氧化能力与总黄酮和花青素含量呈强正相关。研究结果表明，卡卡德的花萼因其高抗氧化能力、理想的颜色以及作为植物化学物质的良好来源，可作为食品、饮料和制药行业中合成抗氧化剂和食品着色剂的替代品。该研究还表明，菲吉尔和吉尔吉尔的叶子被发现是维生素C、β-胡萝卜素的良好来源，且容重较低。由于这些特性，它们可被视为补充微量营养素的良好候选物，特别是对于婴儿和幼儿等弱势群体。
