Center for Marine Biology, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Marine Macroecology and Biogeography Lab, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Ecology. 2021 May;102(5):e03298. doi: 10.1002/ecy.3298. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Reef fish represent one of the most diverse vertebrate groups on Earth, with over 7,000 species distributed around the globe. This richness is not evenly distributed geographically. The Atlantic (AT) and the Eastern Pacific (EP) encompass 30% of the global fish fauna. These areas have been considered the most isolated from the marine biodiversity hotspot in the Indo-Pacific due to distinct physical barriers, such as the Tethyan closure and the distance between the EP and the western Pacific. Despite their comparatively lower species richness, these realms host unique fish assemblages characterized by a remarkable proportion of regional endemics and species with large body size. Here, we present the largest database of life-history traits and biogeographical and conservation aspects presently available for the reef fish fauna of the AT and the EP realms. The database includes 21 traits distributed into behavioral (home range, diel activity, group size, level in the water column, three measures of preferred temperature), morphological (maximum body size, size class, body shape, aspect ratio, caudal fin, mouth position), and ecological (trophic level, diet, spawning strategy, depth of occurrence, two allometric constants, pelagic larval duration, and life span), as well as biogeographical (geographic range index, range extension, species distribution in 20 marine provinces, latitude north and south of occurrence, total number of provinces where species occur, occurrence in the AT and EP), and conservation aspects (IUCN status, vulnerability and global market price). We compiled these data through a careful review of 104 local checklists published between 1982 and 2020, online repositories, local reports, books, and monographs on specific families or genera. We limited our database to localities situated between latitudes 51°N and 45°S that including shallow and upper mesophotic biogenic and/or rocky reefs habitats. Our database covers 2,198 species belonging to 146 families and 655 reef fish genera distributed in two marine realms (1,458 in the AT, 829 in the EP, and 89 in both realms) and 20 marine provinces. This database of reef fish offers the opportunity to explore novel ecological and evolutionary questions at different scales and provides tools for species conservation based on these traits. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions for research or teaching purposes.
珊瑚鱼是地球上最多样化的脊椎动物群体之一，分布在全球各地的物种超过 7000 种。这种丰富度在地理上分布不均。大西洋（AT）和东太平洋（EP）拥有全球鱼类动物群的 30%。由于特提斯海的关闭和 EP 与西太平洋之间的距离等明显的物理障碍，这些地区被认为是与印度-太平洋海洋生物多样性热点区最隔离的地区。尽管这些地区的物种丰富度相对较低，但它们拥有独特的鱼类组合，具有显著比例的地区特有种和体型较大的物种。在这里，我们展示了目前 AT 和 EP 领域珊瑚鱼动物群的生活史特征、生物地理和保护方面的最大数据库。该数据库包括 21 个特征，分布在行为（活动范围、昼夜活动、群体大小、在水柱中的水平、三种偏好温度测量）、形态（最大体型、体型大小、体型、长宽比、尾鳍、口位置）和生态（营养水平、饮食、繁殖策略、发生深度、两个比例常数、浮游幼体持续时间、寿命），以及生物地理（地理范围指数、范围延伸、20 个海洋省份的物种分布、发生纬度的南北、物种发生的总省份数量、AT 和 EP 的发生情况）和保护方面（IUCN 地位、脆弱性和全球市场价格）。我们通过仔细审查 1982 年至 2020 年间出版的 104 本地清单、在线存储库、本地报告、书籍和特定科或属的专着，编制了这些数据。我们将数据库限制在纬度 51°N 和 45°S 之间的地点，包括浅水区和中层生物源和/或多岩石礁石栖息地。我们的数据库涵盖了属于 146 个科和 655 个珊瑚鱼属的 2198 个物种，分布在两个海洋领域（AT 中有 1458 个，EP 中有 829 个，两个领域中都有 89 个）和 20 个海洋省份。这个珊瑚鱼数据库为在不同尺度上探索新的生态和进化问题提供了机会，并为基于这些特征的物种保护提供了工具。出于研究或教学目的，没有版权或专有限制。
