Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital. Tangshan, Hebei Province, China.
Postgrad Med. 2021 May;133(4):428-435. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2021.1886770. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
: Sex-related differences are well established among stroke patients, including the incidence and prevalence of stroke being higher among men than among women. However, the sex-related factors for differences in the outcomes of strokes of undetermined source (SUSs) have not been well described, especially in the Chinese population. We assessed the sex-related differences in the factors associated with outcomes among patients with SUSs in China.: Between January 2011 and December 2018, we recruited 205 patients diagnosed with SUSs from Kailuan General Hospital (China). The clinical features, risk factors, and outcome data were collected for the patients at 3 and 12 months after their strokes.: There were higher frequencies of hyperlipidemia (27.8% vs. 26.4%), smoking (41.4% vs. 5.6%), and alcohol consumption (21.8% vs. 0%) for male patients than for female patients. However, women were more likely than men to have hypertension (63.9% vs. 46.6%), diabetes (27.8% vs. 20.3%), and atrial fibrillation (9.7% vs. 5.3%); they were also more likely to be obese (16.7% vs. 12.0%). There were no significant differences in outcome between the sexes. Among men, severe strokes were associated with higher case fatality and disability risks at 12 months after stroke onset; hyperlipidemia was a risk factor for recurrence within 3 months of the initial stroke. Among women, severe strokes also increased the risk of disability; in women, high total cholesterol (TC) and age were associated with poor outcomes.: The factors associated with outcomes in SUS differed by sex. For male patients, more severe stroke and hyperlipidemia were associated with poor outcomes in SUS. Risk factors for poor outcomes in female patients were stroke severity, age, and TC level. These findings suggest that taking measures to manage blood lipid levels and severe stroke among patients with SUS is important for both male and female patients and is crucial for reducing the burden of stroke in China.
: 性别差异在脑卒中患者中表现明显，男性脑卒中的发病率和患病率均高于女性。然而，对于来源不明性脑卒中（SUSs）结局差异的性别相关因素尚未得到充分描述，特别是在中国人群中。我们评估了中国 SUS 患者结局相关因素的性别差异。: 2011 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月，我们从开滦总医院（中国）招募了 205 例诊断为 SUS 的患者。收集患者发病后 3 个月和 12 个月的临床特征、危险因素和结局数据。: 与女性患者相比，男性患者高脂血症（27.8% vs. 26.4%）、吸烟（41.4% vs. 5.6%）和饮酒（21.8% vs. 0%）的频率更高。然而，女性高血压（63.9% vs. 46.6%）、糖尿病（27.8% vs. 20.3%）和心房颤动（9.7% vs. 5.3%）的比例高于男性，肥胖（16.7% vs. 12.0%）的比例也高于男性。性别之间的结局无显著差异。在男性中，严重脑卒中与脑卒中发病后 12 个月的病死率和残疾风险升高相关；高脂血症是初始脑卒中后 3 个月内复发的危险因素。在女性中，严重脑卒中也增加了残疾的风险；在女性中，高总胆固醇（TC）和年龄与不良结局相关。: SUS 结局相关因素因性别而异。对于男性患者，更严重的脑卒中及高脂血症与 SUS 不良结局相关。女性患者不良结局的危险因素为脑卒中严重程度、年龄和 TC 水平。这些发现表明，对于男性和女性患者，采取措施管理 SUS 患者的血脂水平和严重脑卒中很重要，这对于降低中国脑卒中负担至关重要。
