Farina Renato, Foti Pietro Valerio, Conti Andrea, Iannace Francesco Aldo, Pennisi Isabella, Fanzone Luigi, Inì Corrado, Libra Federica, Vacirca Francesco, Failla Giovanni, Baldanza Davide, Palmucci Stefano, Santonocito Serafino, Basile Antonio
Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catani, Italy.
Ultrasound J. 2021 Feb 8;13(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13089-020-00202-6.
Vascular compression syndromes are rare alterations that have in common the compression of an arterial and/or venous vessel by contiguous structures and can be congenital or acquired. The best known are the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, Nutcracker Syndrome, May-Thurner Syndrome, and Dunbar Syndrome. The incidence of these pathologies is certainly underestimated due to the non-specific clinical signs and their frequent asymptomaticity. Being a first-level method, Ultrasound plays a very important role in identifying these alterations, almost always allowing a complete diagnostic classification. If in expert hands, this method can significantly contribute to the reduction of false negatives, especially in the asymptomatic population, where the finding of the aforementioned pathologies often happens randomly following routine checks. In this review, we briefly discuss the best known vascular changes, the corresponding ultrasound anatomy, and typical ultrasound patterns.
血管压迫综合征是罕见的病变，其共同特点是动脉和/或静脉血管被相邻结构压迫，可为先天性或后天性。最著名的有胸廓出口综合征、胡桃夹综合征、梅-特纳综合征和邓巴综合征。由于临床症状不具特异性且常常无症状，这些病变的发病率肯定被低估了。作为一级检查方法，超声在识别这些病变方面发挥着非常重要的作用，几乎总能实现完整的诊断分类。如果由专家操作，这种方法可显著减少假阴性结果，尤其是在无症状人群中，在这类人群中，上述病变往往是在常规检查时偶然发现的。在本综述中，我们简要讨论最著名的血管变化、相应的超声解剖结构和典型的超声图像。
