Pennisi Isabella, Farina Renato, Foti Pietro Valerio, Basile Antonio
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Unit, "GF Ingrassia," Catania, Italy.
J Med Ultrasound. 2022 Oct 7;31(1):55-59. doi: 10.4103/jmu.jmu_211_21. eCollection 2023 Jan-Mar.
Vascular compression syndromes represent a group of rare and poorly understood diseases. Dunbar syndrome (DS) is caused by the median arcuate ligament of diaphragm originating lower than normal and causing compression of celiac artery. The Nutcracker is caused by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) originating from aorta at an acute angle causing a restriction of aortomesenteric space that is traversed by the left renal vein and duodenum; if the compression involves only the left renal vein and becomes symptomatic it is called Nutcracker syndrome; if the symptomatic compression involves only the duodenum it is called Wilkie's syndrome or SMA syndrome. The knowledge of these rare pathologies is essential to reduce the false negatives which still remain very high; it is, therefore, necessary to promote greater knowledge as the lack of diagnosis can be very dangerous for the patient's health. We describe a rare case of a combination of DS, Nutcracker, and SMA or Wilkie's syndrome in a young patient.
血管压迫综合征是一组罕见且了解甚少的疾病。邓巴综合征（DS）是由膈肌的正中弓状韧带起源低于正常水平并导致腹腔干受压引起的。胡桃夹现象是由肠系膜上动脉（SMA）以锐角从主动脉发出，导致主动脉肠系膜间隙变窄，左肾静脉和十二指肠从中穿过；如果压迫仅累及左肾静脉并出现症状，则称为胡桃夹综合征；如果有症状的压迫仅累及十二指肠，则称为威尔基综合征或SMA综合征。了解这些罕见的病症对于减少仍然很高的假阴性至关重要；因此，由于漏诊对患者健康可能非常危险，有必要促进更多的认识。我们描述了一名年轻患者中罕见的DS、胡桃夹现象以及SMA或威尔基综合征合并的病例。
