College of Nursing, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea.
Department of Nursing, Far East University, Eumseong-gun, South Korea.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Jul;30(13-14):1838-1853. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15692. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
To systematically review previous studies on the variables associated with coping strategies in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and motor neuron disease (ALS/MND), such as demographics, clinical features and patient-reported outcomes.
Coping strategies are important factors for adjustment and quality of life (QOL) in patients with long-term conditions, and this topic in people with ALS/MND has not yet been the subject of a systematic review.
A systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA checklist.
Electronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE and EMBASE, were systemically searched from their inception to December 2019 for articles meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) written in English, (2) published in peer-reviewed journals, (3) included subjects with ALS/MND and (4) used quantitative measurements of coping strategies in people with ALS/MND.
Twenty-one articles were included. Significant relationships between participants' demographics (age and sex) and any coping strategy aspect were shown in six studies. Eight studies found significant relationships between clinical characteristics (disease duration and physical functional status) and coping strategies, and ten studies reported coping strategies that were associated with patients' QOL and mental health outcomes.
Younger people used relatively more problem-focused, emotion-focused and social support coping strategies, and women used relatively more social support coping strategies. Problem-focused coping was generally related to better QOL and mental health, and emotion-focused coping was generally related to less depression.
As the pattern of coping strategies is related to demographic and clinical characteristics, this study could be used to inform the provision of patient-centred nursing in clinical care. Coping patterns are related to mental health and QOL; thus, in clinical care, it is recommended that people with ALS be encouraged to develop skills that enable them to cope more effectively and that their coping strategies be assessed.
系统回顾既往研究，以明确与肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）和运动神经元病（MND）患者应对策略相关的变量，包括人口统计学、临床特征和患者报告结局。
应对策略是长期疾病患者调整和生活质量（QOL）的重要因素，而该主题在 ALS/MND 患者中尚未进行系统评价。
根据 PRISMA 清单进行系统综述。
从建库至 2019 年 12 月，系统检索 CINAHL、MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 等电子数据库，纳入符合以下标准的文章：（1）用英文书写，（2）发表在同行评议期刊上，（3）纳入 ALS/MND 患者，（4）使用定量测量方法评估 ALS/MND 患者的应对策略。
共纳入 21 篇文章。其中 6 项研究表明，参与者的人口统计学特征（年龄和性别）与任何应对策略方面存在显著关系。8 项研究发现，临床特征（疾病持续时间和身体功能状态）与应对策略之间存在显著关系，10 项研究报告了与患者 QOL 和心理健康结局相关的应对策略。
年轻人更倾向于使用问题聚焦、情绪聚焦和社会支持应对策略，而女性更倾向于使用社会支持应对策略。问题聚焦应对策略通常与更好的 QOL 和心理健康相关，情绪聚焦应对策略通常与更少的抑郁相关。
由于应对策略模式与人口统计学和临床特征相关，本研究可用于为临床护理中提供以患者为中心的护理提供信息。应对模式与心理健康和 QOL 相关；因此，在临床护理中，建议鼓励 ALS 患者发展使其更有效地应对的技能，并评估其应对策略。
