Pillay Sanushka, Schwellnus Martin P, Grant Catharina, Jansen VAN Rensburg Audrey, Swanevelder Sonja, Jordaan Esme
Section of Sports Medicine, Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2022 Mar;62(3):368-374. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.12072-9. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
Gastrointestinal illness-related (GITill) medical encounters during distance running range from mild to debilitating. The objective of this study was to identify factors that may predict GITill among 21.1 km and 56 km race starters.
This is a cross-sectional analysis of data collected prospectively over 8 years at the Two Oceans 56 km and 21.1 km races with 153,208 race starters. GITill encounters requiring medical attention on race day were recorded by medical staff. Risk factors associated with GITill explored in univariate models included: race distance (21.1 km; 56 km), sex, age group, running experience, running speed, and environmental factors (wet-bulb temperature, wind speed and humidity). Incidence (per 100,000 race starters; 95% CI) and incidence ratios (IR) (with 95% CI) are reported.
The incidence of GITill encounters was 60 (95%CI: 50-80) (1/1667 race starters). A longer race distance (56 km vs. 21.1 km) was the strongest predictor of GITill (IR=4.3; 95% CI: 2.7-6.7) (P<0.0001). Among the 56 km race starters, slower running speed (km/h) was a predictor of GITill (IR=1.63; 95%CI:1.2-2.3) (P=0.0024). Neither age group, nor running experience or any environmental factors (wet-bulb temperature, wind speed, humidity) were associated with a higher risk of GITill.
Medical teams, responsible for care at longer race distances, can expect a higher incidence of GITill that require medical attention compared with shorter race distances. Slower runners competing in ultramarathons are a subgroup at higher risk of GITill. These data can assist medical teams at events to improve and plan medical care, target runner education and establish prevention strategies to reduce GITill in runners.
长跑过程中与胃肠道疾病相关（GITill）的医疗情况从轻到重各不相同。本研究的目的是确定在21.1公里和56公里比赛起跑者中可能预测GITill的因素。
这是一项对在两洋56公里和21.1公里比赛中前瞻性收集8年的数据进行的横断面分析，共有153,208名比赛起跑者。医务人员记录了比赛当天需要医疗护理的GITill情况。在单变量模型中探讨的与GITill相关的风险因素包括：比赛距离（21.1公里；56公里）、性别、年龄组、跑步经验、跑步速度和环境因素（湿球温度、风速和湿度）。报告了发病率（每100,000名比赛起跑者；95%置信区间）和发病率比（IR）（及其95%置信区间）。
GITill情况的发病率为60（95%置信区间：5,0 - 80）（每1,667名比赛起跑者中有1例）。较长的比赛距离（56公里对21.1公里）是GITill最强的预测因素（IR = 4.3；95%置信区间：2.7 - 6.7）（P < 0.0001）。在56公里比赛起跑者中，较慢的跑步速度（公里/小时）是GITill的一个预测因素（IR = 1.63；95%置信区间：1.2 - 2.3）（P = 0.0024）。年龄组、跑步经验或任何环境因素（湿球温度、风速、湿度）均与GITill的较高风险无关。
负责较长比赛距离护理的医疗团队，与较短比赛距离相比，预计需要医疗护理的GITill发病率更高。参加超级马拉松比赛且速度较慢的跑步者是GITill风险较高的一个亚组。这些数据可以帮助赛事中的医疗团队改善和规划医疗护理、针对跑步者进行教育并制定预防策略，以减少跑步者中的GITill情况。
