Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States.
University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Oct 19;55(20):13504-13512. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06548. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
In this study, spinach plants exposed to fresh/unweathered (UW) or weathered (W) copper compounds in soil were analyzed for growth and nutritional composition. Plants were exposed for 45 days to freshly prepared or soil-aged (35 days) nanoparticulate CuO (nCuO), bulk-scale CuO (bCuO), or CuSO at 0 (control), 400, 400, and 40 mg/kg of soil, respectively. Foliar health, gas exchange, pigment content (chlorophyll and carotenoid), catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes, gene expression, and Cu bioaccumulation were evaluated along with SEM imagery for select samples. Foliar biomass was higher in UW control (84%) and in UW ionic treatment (87%), compared to the corresponding W treatments ( ≤ 0.1). Root catalase activity was increased by 110% in UW bCuO treatment as compared to the W counterpart; the value for the W ionic treatment was increased by 2167% compared to the UW counterpart ( ≤ 0.05). At 20 days post-transplantation, W nCuO-exposed plants had ∼56% lower carotenoid content compared to both W control and the UW counterpart ( ≤ 0.05). The findings indicate that over the full life cycle of spinach plant the weathering process significantly deteriorates leaf pigment production under CuO exposure in particular and foliar health in general.
在这项研究中，分析了暴露于土壤中新鲜/未风化（UW）或风化（W）铜化合物的菠菜植物的生长和营养成分。将植物暴露于新制备或土壤老化（35 天）的纳米氧化铜（nCuO）、块状氧化铜（bCuO）或 CuSO4 中 45 天，暴露浓度分别为 0（对照）、400、400 和 40mg/kg 土壤。评估了叶片健康状况、气体交换、色素含量（叶绿素和类胡萝卜素）、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶酶、基因表达以及 Cu 生物积累情况，并对选定样本进行 SEM 成像。与 W 处理相比，UW 对照（84%）和 UW 离子处理（87%）的叶片生物量更高（≤0.1）。与 W 对应物相比，UW bCuO 处理中的根过氧化氢酶活性增加了 110%；与 UW 对应物相比，W 离子处理中的活性增加了 2167%（≤0.05）。在移植后 20 天，W nCuO 暴露的植物的类胡萝卜素含量比 W 对照和 UW 对应物低约 56%（≤0.05）。研究结果表明，在整个菠菜植物生命周期中，风化过程在 CuO 暴露下特别是在叶片健康方面显著降低了叶片色素的产生。
