Department of Health Administration and Public Health, D'Youville College, Buffalo, NY 14201, USA.
School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 4;18(4):1451. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041451.
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted food systems and the economy in the U.S. and abroad. This cross-sectional study examined the direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on food access among low-income and Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) in New York State. New York residents were recruited to complete a web-based survey through Qualtrics. The survey took place in May and June 2020 and asked participants about COVID-19 health impacts, risk factors, and food access. Chi-square analysis examined issues with food access experienced by demographic characteristics, work disruptions, health impacts, and household risk for contracting the virus and experiencing severe illness, and significant results were analyzed in a series of logistic regression models. After accounting for covariates, Hispanic respondents, those with likely Major Depressive Disorder, and essential workers were more likely to experience worse food access during COVID-19. Improved policies and services to address impacts on vulnerable populations such as BIPOC, those suffering from mental health disorders, and workers in lower-paying essential jobs can reduce the risk of food access issues at this time. Future research can identify how food access issues during the pandemic influenced diet quality, chronic disease risk and infection, and persistence of food access issues.
新冠疫情在美国和国外扰乱了食品系统和经济。本横断面研究调查了新冠疫情对纽约州低收入和非裔、原住民和有色人种（BIPOC）人群食物获取的直接和间接影响。通过 Qualtrics 在线招募纽约居民参与网络调查。该调查于 2020 年 5 月至 6 月进行，询问参与者有关新冠疫情对健康的影响、风险因素以及食物获取的问题。卡方分析考察了人口特征、工作中断、健康影响和家庭感染病毒和出现严重疾病风险方面的食物获取问题，显著结果在一系列逻辑回归模型中进行了分析。在考虑了协变量后，西班牙裔受访者、可能患有重度抑郁症的受访者以及必要工种的工人在新冠疫情期间更有可能经历更差的食物获取。改善政策和服务，以解决弱势群体（如 BIPOC、患有精神健康障碍的人群以及低薪必要工种的工人）所受到的影响，可以降低此时食物获取问题的风险。未来的研究可以确定疫情期间食物获取问题如何影响饮食质量、慢性病风险和感染，以及食物获取问题的持续存在。
