Centre De Recherche En Transplantation Et Immunologie, UMR1064, INSERM, Université De Nantes, Nantes, France.
Plateforme Transversale d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut du Thorax, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Am J Transplant. 2021 Jul;21(7):2341-2347. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16522. Epub 2021 May 19.
The microbiota plays a major role in the regulation of the host immune functions thus establishing a symbiotic relationship that maintains immune homeostasis. Among immune cells, regulatory B cells (Bregs), which can inhibit effector T cell responses, may be involved in the intestinal homeostasis. Recent works suggest that the interaction between the microbiota and Bregs appears to be important to limit autoimmune diseases and help to maintain tolerance in transplantation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), recognized as major metabolites of the microbiota, seem to be involved in the generation of a pro-tolerogenic environment in the gut, particularly through the regulation of B cell differentiation, limiting mature B cells and promoting the function of Bregs. In this review, we show that this B cells-microbiota interaction may open a path toward new potential therapeutic applications not only for patients with autoimmune diseases but also in transplantation.
肠道微生物群在宿主免疫功能的调节中起着重要作用，从而建立了一种维持免疫平衡的共生关系。在免疫细胞中，调节性 B 细胞（Bregs）可以抑制效应 T 细胞的反应，可能参与肠道的稳态。最近的研究表明，微生物群与 Bregs 的相互作用似乎对于限制自身免疫性疾病和有助于维持移植中的耐受性很重要。短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）被认为是微生物群的主要代谢产物，似乎参与了肠道中产生有利于耐受的环境，特别是通过调节 B 细胞分化，限制成熟 B 细胞并促进 Bregs 的功能。在这篇综述中，我们表明这种 B 细胞-微生物群的相互作用可能为新的潜在治疗应用开辟了一条道路，不仅对自身免疫性疾病患者，而且对移植患者也是如此。
