Assessment of (L.) J. Gay for phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities.

Phytochemical profiles of essential oil (), fatty acids, and -hexane (CAH), diethyl ether (CAD), ethyl acetate (CAE) and methanol extracts (CAM) of L. J. Gay (syn. L.) were investigated as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activites. The essential oil was characterized by the content of acetophenone (35.8%) and -caryophyllene (10.3%) by GC-MS/FID. Linoleic and oleic acid were found as main fatty acids. The major constituents of the extracts were found to be 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isorhamnetin glucoside, quercetin and quercetin glucoside by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Also, the inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and -glucosidase enzymes were determined. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast pathogens. showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC values of 126.60 and 144.40 μg/mL, respectively. In the anti-inflammatory activity, demonstrated the highest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC value of 105.40 μg/mL, whereas, howed the best inhibition of -glucosidase with an IC value of 396.40 μg/mL in the antidiabetic activity. was effective against at MIC = 312.5 µg/mL. This is the first report on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of .