Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan.
Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
Molecules. 2024 May 20;29(10):2403. doi: 10.3390/molecules29102403.
In this investigation, the chemical composition of the hydro-distilled essential oil (HD-EO), obtained from the fresh aerial parts (inflorescence heads (Inf), leaves (L), and stems (St)) of growing wild in Jordan was determined by GC/MS. Additionally, the methanolic extract obtained from the whole aerial parts of (CCM) was examined for its total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, iron chelating activity and was then analyzed with LC-MS/MS for the presence of certain selected phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The GC/MS analysis of CCHD-EOs obtained from the different aerial parts revealed the presence of (2, 8)-matricaria ester as the main component, amounting to 15.4% (Inf), 60.7% (L), and 31.6% (St) of the total content. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the main class of volatile compounds detected in the Inf-CCHD-EO. However, oils obtained from the leaves and stems were rich in polyacetylene derivatives. The evaluation of the CCM extract showed a richness in phenolic content (95.59 ± 0.40 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoids contents (467.0 ± 10.5 mg QE/ g extract), moderate DPPH radical scavenging power (IC of 23.75 ± 0.86 µg/mL) and low iron chelating activity (IC = 5396.07 ± 15.05 µg/mL). The LC-MS/MS profiling of the CCM extract allowed for the detection of twenty-five phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Results revealed that the CCM extract contained high concentration levels of rosmarinic acid (1441.1 mg/kg plant), in addition to caffeic acid phenethyl ester (231.8 mg/kg plant). An antimicrobial activity assessment of the CCM extract against a set of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, in addition to two other fungal species including and , showed significant antibacterial activity of the extract against with MIC value of 3.125 µg/mL. The current study is the first phytochemical screening for the essential oil and methanolic extract composition of growing in Jordan, its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
在这项研究中，通过 GC/MS 确定了从约旦野生生长的新鲜地上部分（花序头（Inf）、叶子（L）和茎（St））获得的水蒸馏精油（HD-EO）的化学成分。此外，还检查了来自 （CCM）整个地上部分的甲醇提取物的总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、DPPH 自由基清除活性、铁螯合活性，然后通过 LC-MS/MS 分析了某些选定的酚类化合物和类黄酮的存在。从不同地上部分获得的 CCHD-EO 的 GC/MS 分析表明，作为主要成分的（2,8）-母菊酯的含量为 15.4%（Inf）、60.7%（L）和 31.6%（St）。检测到的挥发性化合物的主要类是含氧单萜。然而，从叶子和茎获得的油富含聚乙炔衍生物。CCM 提取物的评估表明，其酚类含量丰富（95.59 ± 0.40 mg GAE/g 提取物）、黄酮类含量高（467.0 ± 10.5 mg QE/g 提取物）、适度的 DPPH 自由基清除能力（IC 为 23.75 ± 0.86 µg/mL）和低铁螯合活性（IC = 5396.07 ± 15.05 µg/mL）。CCM 提取物的 LC-MS/MS 分析可检测到二十五种酚类化合物和类黄酮。结果表明，CCM 提取物含有高浓度的迷迭香酸（1441.1 mg/kg 植物），此外还有咖啡酸苯乙酯（231.8 mg/kg 植物）。对 CCM 提取物对一组革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌以及两种其他真菌（包括 和 ）的抗菌活性评估表明，该提取物对 具有显著的抗菌活性，MIC 值为 3.125 µg/mL。本研究是对约旦生长的 精油和甲醇提取物成分的首次植物化学筛选，以及其抗氧化和抗菌活性。
