预防护士学徒手部湿疹（PREVEDERM）：一项干预研究。
Prevention of Hand Eczema among Nurse Apprentice (PREVEDERM): An Interventional Study.
机构信息
Occupational Medicine Department, GE Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
Dermatology Research Unit, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Stefan cel Mare, Bucharest, Romania.
出版信息
Ann Work Expo Health. 2021 Mar 3;65(2):167-175. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa122.
BACKGROUND
Workers in the healthcare sector are at high risk of developing occupational hand eczema mainly due to frequent exposure to irritants and/or allergens. Amongst workers in healthcare, nurses are at higher risk of developing hand dermatitis.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the effectiveness of a short educational intervention program in preventing occupational hand eczema in nurse apprentices, using two objective tools, namely TEWL and EH, and the HECSI score.
METHODS
Data regarding professions, wet work exposure, activities performed during working hours, self-reported eczema were collected from 230 nurse students, divided in two study groups: the intervention and the control group (CG). The intervention group (IG) was given education about risks and proper skin care and was provided with cosmeceuticals to be used for skin care during hospital activity. The evaluation of skin properties was performed using questionnaires, HECSI score, measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and epidermal hydration (EH).
RESULTS
A number of 139 apprentice nurses completed the study. Of those participants who completed the study, 19.1% from CG and 19.6% from IG reported, at T1, hand eczema in the last 3 months, while at T2 (3 months later), 59.52 % of the CG and only 11.34 % from the IG stated having eczema in the last 3 months. In the IG, results showed an improvement of CM with 17% and of TEWL with 16%, with only a 0.5% improvement of CM in CG and a marked impairment of TEWL by 33%.
CONCLUSION
Hand eczema is a common occupational dermatosis affecting the medical staff, even during apprenticeship. Early preventive training programs are effective in reducing the burden of occupational contact dermatitis.
背景
医疗保健行业的工人由于频繁接触刺激物和/或变应原，患职业性手部湿疹的风险很高。在医疗保健工作者中，护士患手部皮炎的风险更高。
目的
使用两个客观工具，即 TEWL 和 EH，以及 HECSI 评分，评估短期教育干预计划在预防护士学徒职业性手部湿疹中的效果。
方法
从 230 名护士学生中收集职业、湿工作暴露、工作时间内进行的活动、自我报告的湿疹等数据，并将其分为两组：干预组（IG）和对照组（CG）。干预组（IG）接受有关风险和适当皮肤护理的教育，并提供化妆品供其在医院活动期间用于皮肤护理。使用问卷、HECSI 评分、经皮水分流失（TEWL）和表皮水分（EH）测量评估皮肤特性。
结果
共有 139 名护士学徒完成了研究。在完成研究的参与者中，CG 组有 19.1%，IG 组有 19.6%在 T1 时报告在过去 3 个月中手部出现湿疹，而在 T2（3 个月后）时，CG 组中有 59.52%，IG 组中仅有 11.34%报告在过去 3 个月中患有湿疹。在 IG 中，CM 改善了 17%，TEWL 改善了 16%，而 CG 中 CM 仅改善了 0.5%，TEWL 显著恶化了 33%。
结论
手部湿疹是一种常见的职业性皮肤病，影响医务人员，甚至在学徒期间。早期预防培训计划可有效减轻职业性接触性皮炎的负担。
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