Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2022 Apr 25;37(5):876-886. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfab030.
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is defined as the occurrence of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and uveitis in the absence of other systemic diseases. The most comprehensive review on this condition was published in 2001.
We conducted a systematic review of the literature for cases of TINU syndrome. MEDLINE and Embase databases were screened. Full-length articles or letters reporting cases with both TIN and uveitis were selected. We investigated differences between males and females and paediatric and adult cases. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) development.
A total of 233 articles reporting 592 TINU cases were retained for the analysis. The median age of the included subjects was 17 years (interquartile range 13-46) with a female predominance (65%). Uveitis most frequently (52%) followed renal disease and was mostly anterior (65%) and bilateral (88%). Children tended to have more ocular relapses, while they were slightly less likely than adults to suffer from acute kidney injury and to develop CKD. Adult age as well as posterior or panuveitis were associated with an increased risk of developing CKD.
TINU affects both children and adults, with some differences between these two categories. Adult age and the presence of a posterior uveitis or panuveitis appear to be associated with the development of CKD.
小管间质性肾炎和葡萄膜炎（TINU）综合征的定义为在无其他系统性疾病的情况下发生小管间质性肾炎（TIN）和葡萄膜炎。对该疾病的最全面综述于 2001 年发表。
我们对 TINU 综合征的病例进行了系统的文献回顾。筛选了 MEDLINE 和 Embase 数据库。选择了同时报告 TIN 和葡萄膜炎的病例的全文文章或信件。我们研究了男性和女性以及儿科和成人病例之间的差异。进行了多变量分析以确定慢性肾脏病（CKD）发展的潜在危险因素。
共保留了 233 篇报道 592 例 TINU 病例的文章进行分析。纳入研究的受试者的中位年龄为 17 岁（四分位距 13-46），女性居多（65%）。葡萄膜炎最常见（52%）于肾脏疾病之后，且大多为前葡萄膜炎（65%）和双侧（88%）。儿童往往有更多的眼部复发，而与成人相比，他们发生急性肾损伤和 CKD 的可能性略低。成人年龄以及后葡萄膜炎或全葡萄膜炎与 CKD 发展的风险增加相关。
TINU 影响儿童和成人，这两个年龄段之间存在一些差异。成人年龄和后葡萄膜炎或全葡萄膜炎的存在似乎与 CKD 的发展相关。
