Department of Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Medical student, Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Curr Drug Targets. 2021;22(15):1750-1759. doi: 10.2174/1389450122666210204203514.
Bio-degradable nanoparticles (NPs) have several utilizations as drug delivery vehicles due to their acceptable bio-availability, lower toxicity, potency for encapsulation and controlled release. Moreover, the interaction of the NPs with the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) may decrease NPs efficacy for medical purposes. The surface of NPs is conventionally neutralized with the molecules such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), as one of the most widely applied stealth polymers, in order to restrict the NPs clearance through the RES system. In fact, these molecules exhibit resistance to RES clearance and protein adsorption. It is unfortunate that modifying the PEG has some shortcomings, like problems in the synthesis as well as correlation to the immune reaction. The CD47 receptor has been well known as a 'don't-eat-me' molecule on the self-- cells' surface. Therefore, the receptor will inhibit phagocytosis via binding to its ligand that is known as the signal regulatory protein α (SIRP-α). Moreover, the CD47 receptor, as one of the biomimetic substances, or its derivative peptides, have been used recently on the surface of nanoparticles to inhibit phagocytosis and increase the NPs retention time in the blood circulation. Therefore, this review study examined the CD47 receptor and its role in the immune system as well as the use of the CD47 receptor in coating NPs to increase their retention time in the blood circulation.
生物可降解纳米颗粒（NPs）由于其良好的生物利用度、较低的毒性、封装和控制释放的能力，在作为药物输送载体方面有多种用途。此外，NPs 与网状内皮系统（RES）的巨噬细胞相互作用可能会降低 NPs 用于医疗目的的疗效。NPs 的表面通常用聚乙二醇（PEG）等分子中和，PEG 是应用最广泛的隐形聚合物之一，目的是限制 NPs 通过 RES 系统的清除。事实上，这些分子表现出对 RES 清除和蛋白质吸附的抵抗力。不幸的是，修饰 PEG 存在一些缺点，例如合成问题以及与免疫反应的相关性。CD47 受体已被广泛认为是自身细胞表面的“不要吃我”分子。因此，该受体通过与已知的信号调节蛋白 α（SIRP-α）配体结合来抑制吞噬作用。此外，CD47 受体作为仿生物质之一，或其衍生肽，最近已被用于纳米颗粒的表面，以抑制吞噬作用并增加 NPs 在血液循环中的滞留时间。因此，本综述研究了 CD47 受体及其在免疫系统中的作用，以及使用 CD47 受体来涂覆 NPs 以增加其在血液循环中的滞留时间。
