Marteau P, Ballet F, Chrétien Y, Rey C, Jaillon P, Poupon R
Unité de Recherches d'Hépatologie, INSERM, Paris, France.
Hepatology. 1988 Mar-Apr;8(2):228-31. doi: 10.1002/hep.1840080206.
We studied the effects of a series of 16 vasodilators on the intrahepatic vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine in the isolated perfused rat liver. The vasodilators were nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonists (phentolamine, ifenprofil, isoxsuprine and buflomedil), a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist (propranolol) and an agonist (isoproterenol), an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist (clonidine), calcium channel blockers (verapamil and diltiazem), nitrovasodilators (nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside), papaverine and other unclassified vasodilators, some of them with rheological properties (diazoxide, vincamine, cinepazide, naftidofuryl and pentoxifylline). The most potent drugs were ifenprofil, phentolamine, isoxsuprine, clonidine, sodium nitroprusside and buflomedil. Diazoxide, papaverine, pentoxifylline and trinitrine were less powerful. Verapamil, diltiazem, propranolol, isoproterenol, vincamine, cinepazide and naftidofuryl were ineffective. We conclude that different classes of pharmacological agents have significant vasodilatory properties on the hepatic microvasculature. This offers interesting perspectives in the treatment of cirrhosis and stressful states where high levels of circulating norepinephrine may contribute to the altered liver perfusion.
我们研究了一系列16种血管舒张剂对去甲肾上腺素在离体灌注大鼠肝脏中诱导的肝内血管收缩的影响。这些血管舒张剂包括非选择性α-肾上腺素能拮抗剂（酚妥拉明、艾芬地尔、异舒普林和丁咯地尔）、非选择性β-肾上腺素能拮抗剂（普萘洛尔）和激动剂（异丙肾上腺素）、α2-肾上腺素能激动剂（可乐定）、钙通道阻滞剂（维拉帕米和地尔硫䓬）、硝基血管舒张剂（硝酸甘油、硝普钠）、罂粟碱和其他未分类的血管舒张剂，其中一些具有流变学特性（二氮嗪、长春胺、桂哌齐特、奈呋胺酯和己酮可可碱）。最有效的药物是艾芬地尔、酚妥拉明、异舒普林、可乐定、硝普钠和丁咯地尔。二氮嗪、罂粟碱、己酮可可碱和三硝酸甘油效力较弱。维拉帕米、地尔硫䓬、普萘洛尔、异丙肾上腺素、长春胺、桂哌齐特和奈呋胺酯无效。我们得出结论，不同类别的药理剂对肝脏微血管具有显著的血管舒张特性。这为治疗肝硬化和应激状态提供了有趣的前景，在这些情况下，循环中高水平的去甲肾上腺素可能导致肝脏灌注改变。
