Minwuyelet Awoke, Aschale Yibeltal
Bichena Primary Hospital, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
J Parasitol Res. 2021 Jan 28;2021:6699373. doi: 10.1155/2021/6699373. eCollection 2021.
Malaria is a life-threating infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasite of the genus The WHO African region bears the largest burden of malaria morbidity and mortality every year. Prevention and control activity of malaria in Ethiopia is implemented as guided by a national strategic plan to decrease malaria burden. This study is aimed at assessing the five-year trend of malaria at Bichena Primary Hospital.
A retrospective study was conducted at Bichena Primary Hospital to assess the five-year (2015-2019) trend of malaria by reviewing blood film reports from a laboratory logbook.
In a five-year period, 9182 blood films were requested for malaria diagnosis of whom 53.8% were males and 41% were in the age group 15-29. The overall prevalence of malaria was 9.28% ( = 852), being the dominant malaria species. The highest peaks of total malaria cases were observed in 2016 and in December, and the lowest peaks were observed in 2018 and March (mean annual case 170.4; mean monthly case 14.2), and there was a statistically significant year and monthly variation of malaria cases ( < 0.001). Malaria was reported in both sexes and all age groups; of which, males and the age group 15-29 years old consist the highest number of malaria cases ( < 0.001).
Malaria remains an important public health problem in the study area, and a significant fluctuation was noticed in a five-year period, being slightly the dominant malaria species. Successive efforts are still required to reduce malaria burden to a level that has no longer public health effect.
疟疾是由疟原虫属原生动物寄生虫引起的一种危及生命的传染病。世界卫生组织非洲区域每年承受着最大的疟疾发病和死亡负担。埃塞俄比亚的疟疾预防和控制活动按照国家战略计划进行，以减轻疟疾负担。本研究旨在评估比切纳初级医院疟疾的五年趋势。
在比切纳初级医院进行了一项回顾性研究，通过查阅实验室日志中的血片报告来评估疟疾的五年（2015 - 2019年）趋势。
在五年期间，共送检9182份血片用于疟疾诊断，其中53.8%为男性，41%为15 - 29岁年龄组。疟疾的总体患病率为9.28%（= 852），间日疟是主要的疟疾病种。2016年和12月观察到疟疾总病例数的最高峰，2018年和3月观察到最低峰（年平均病例数170.4；月平均病例数14.2），疟疾病例在年份和月份上存在统计学显著差异（< 0.001）。男女及所有年龄组均有疟疾报告；其中，男性和15 - 29岁年龄组的疟疾病例数最多（< 0.001）。
疟疾在研究地区仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在五年期间出现了显著波动，间日疟略为主要的疟疾病种。仍需持续努力将疟疾负担降低到不再产生公共卫生影响的水平。
