School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Parasit Vectors. 2012 Aug 14;5:173. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-173.
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. It is one of the leading causes of illness and death in the world. It is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Over the past years, the disease has been consistently reported as the first leading cause of outpatient visits, hospitalization and death in health facilities across the country.
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of malaria from peripheral blood smear examinations from the Kola Diba Health Center of Ethiopia. The case notes of all malaria cases reported between 2002-2011 were carefully reviewed and analyzed. Additionally, any malaria intervention activities that had been taken to control malaria were collected using a well-prepared checklist from the study area.
Within the last decade (2002-2011) a total of 59, 208 blood films were requested for malaria diagnosis in Kola Diba health center and 23,473 (39.6%) microscopically confirmed malaria cases were reported in the town with a fluctuating trend. Regarding the identified plasmodium species, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax accounted for 75% and 25% of malaria morbidity, respectively. Malaria was reported in all age groups and both sexes, but the 15-44 year age group and males were more affected. Despite the apparent fluctuation of malaria trends in the area, the highest peak of malaria cases was reported during spring seasons.
Comparatively, after the introduction of the current malaria control strategies, the morbidity and mortality by malaria is decreasing but malaria is still a major health problem and the deadly species P. falciparium is predominant. Therefore, control activities should be continued in a strengthened manner in the study area considering both P. falciparium and P. vivax.
疟疾是由疟原虫属原生动物引起的。它是世界上导致疾病和死亡的主要原因之一。在埃塞俄比亚，它是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在过去的几年中，该疾病一直被报道为全国卫生机构门诊、住院和死亡的首要原因。
对埃塞俄比亚科拉迪巴卫生中心进行了一项回顾性研究，以确定从外周血涂片检查中发现的疟疾患病率。仔细审查和分析了 2002 年至 2011 年间报告的所有疟疾病例的病历。此外，还使用准备好的检查表从研究地区收集了控制疟疾的任何疟疾干预活动。
在过去十年（2002-2011 年）中，科拉迪巴卫生中心共要求进行了 59208 次疟疾诊断血涂片检查，报告了 23473 例（39.6%）显微镜确诊的疟疾病例，呈波动趋势。关于鉴定的疟原虫种类，恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫分别占疟疾发病率的 75%和 25%。疟疾在所有年龄组和性别中均有报告，但 15-44 岁年龄组和男性受影响更大。尽管该地区的疟疾趋势明显波动，但疟疾病例的最高峰值出现在春季。
相比之下，在引入当前的疟疾控制策略后，疟疾的发病率和死亡率正在下降，但疟疾仍然是一个主要的健康问题，致死性疟原虫是主要的疟原虫。因此，应考虑到恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫，在研究地区以强化的方式继续开展控制活动。
