Ioakeimidis Nikolaos S, Valasiadis Dimitrios, Markou Andreas, Zaglavara Theodora
Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Florina "Eleni Th. Dimitriou", Egnatias 9, Florina 53100, Greece.
Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Florina "Eleni Th. Dimitriou", Egnatias 9, Florina 53100, Greece.
Case Rep Vasc Med. 2021 Jan 30;2021:6612289. doi: 10.1155/2021/6612289. eCollection 2021.
Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are congenital vascular defects which can remain hidden and asymptomatic over the complete life course of an individual. They are defined as deviations from the normal coronary anatomy regarding the arterial origin, course, or both. Their incidence varies from 1.3% to 5.64% in coronary angiography cohorts, and they can be detected as incidental findings. In certain cases, CAAs can be hemodynamically significant and unfortunately can be proven lethal. Their link with sudden cardiac death, especially in otherwise healthy competitive athletes, is well established, but their prognostic significance, range of symptoms, and pathophysiology remain to be further elucidated. Here, along with a brief review of related literature, we present a series of three cases: one case of an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) from the left coronary sinus, one case of a split RCA originating from the left coronary sinus, and one case of a dual left anterior descending (LAD) artery system.
冠状动脉异常（CAAs）是先天性血管缺陷，在个体的整个生命过程中可能一直隐匿且无症状。它们被定义为在动脉起源、走行或两者方面偏离正常冠状动脉解剖结构。在冠状动脉造影队列中，其发生率在1.3%至5.64%之间，并且可以作为偶然发现被检测到。在某些情况下，冠状动脉异常可能具有血流动力学意义，不幸的是可能被证明是致命的。它们与心源性猝死的关联，尤其是在其他方面健康的竞技运动员中，已得到充分证实，但其预后意义、症状范围和病理生理学仍有待进一步阐明。在此，我们在简要回顾相关文献的同时，呈现三例病例：一例右冠状动脉（RCA）起源于左冠状窦，一例分裂的RCA起源于左冠状窦，以及一例双左前降支（LAD）动脉系统。
