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跨性别男性乳房的分类以优化胸部男性化性别确认手术

Classification of Transgender Man's Breast for Optimizing Chest Masculinizing Gender-affirming Surgery.

作者信息

Wolf Yoram, Kwartin Samuel

机构信息

Plastic Surgery Unit, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, The Technion, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.

Wolf Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

出版信息

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021 Jan 25;9(1):e3363. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003363. eCollection 2021 Jan.


DOI:10.1097/GOX.0000000000003363
PMID:33564589
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7859324/
Abstract

UNLABELLED: The purpose of mastectomy for the female-to-male transgender patient is to produce a masculine appearance of the chest. A number of algorithms have been proposed for selecting the surgical technique; these have generally been based on the degree of breast ptosis and the quality and elasticity of the skin. We present a series of subcutaneous mastectomies operated on by 1 surgeon during the last 2 decades. Based on our experience, we suggest a classification system for selecting surgical technique. METHODS: Data were collected from the files of female-to-male transgender persons who underwent surgery during 2003-2019. The data included background and surgery information. Pictures from the clinic's archive of the patients before, during, and after surgery were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 220 mastectomies were performed on 110 patients aged 13.5-50 years (mean 22.5 ±6.1). The excision averaged 443 g per breast (range: 85-2550). A periareolar approach was performed in 14 (12.7%), omega-shaped resection (nipple-areola complex on scar) in 2 (1.8%), spindle-shaped mastectomy with a dermal nipple-areola complex flap approach in 38 (34.5%), and a complete mastectomy with a free nipple-areola complex graft in 56 (50.9%). Complications included 2 hypertrophic scars, 6 hematomas requiring revision surgery, 3 wound dehiscences, and 3 cases of partial nipple necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the data led to a proposed classification for female-to-male transgender mastectomy (Wolf's classification), based on skin excess and the distance between the original and the planned position of the nipple-areola complex.

摘要

未标注:对于女性变男性的跨性别患者,乳房切除术的目的是使胸部呈现男性外观。已经提出了多种用于选择手术技术的算法;这些算法通常基于乳房下垂程度以及皮肤的质量和弹性。我们展示了由一位外科医生在过去20年中进行的一系列皮下乳房切除术。基于我们的经验,我们建议一种用于选择手术技术的分类系统。 方法:从2003年至2019年接受手术的女性变男性跨性别者的病历中收集数据。数据包括背景和手术信息。收集并分析了诊所存档的患者手术前、手术中和手术后的照片。 结果:总共对110名年龄在13.5至50岁(平均22.5±6.1岁)的患者进行了220例乳房切除术。每侧乳房切除平均443克(范围:85至2550克)。采用乳晕周围入路的有14例(12.7%),采用ω形切除术(乳头乳晕复合体位于瘢痕上)的有2例(1.8%),采用带真皮乳头乳晕复合体皮瓣入路的梭形乳房切除术的有38例(34.5%),采用游离乳头乳晕复合体移植的全乳房切除术的有56例(50.9%)。并发症包括2例增生性瘢痕、6例需要修复手术的血肿、3例伤口裂开和3例部分乳头坏死。 结论:数据分析得出了一种针对女性变男性跨性别乳房切除术的建议分类(沃尔夫分类),该分类基于皮肤多余情况以及乳头乳晕复合体原始位置与计划位置之间的距离。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/33695a3f8398/gox-9-e3363-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/bc6a25447de5/gox-9-e3363-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/1758ba158155/gox-9-e3363-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/104e01899e25/gox-9-e3363-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/33695a3f8398/gox-9-e3363-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/bc6a25447de5/gox-9-e3363-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/1758ba158155/gox-9-e3363-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/104e01899e25/gox-9-e3363-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f2df/7859324/33695a3f8398/gox-9-e3363-g004.jpg

相似文献

[1]
Classification of Transgender Man's Breast for Optimizing Chest Masculinizing Gender-affirming Surgery.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021-1-25

[2]
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Isr Med Assoc J. 2022-1

[3]
[OUR EXPERIENCE IN MASTECTOMY FOR TRANSGENDERS FEMALE TO MALE - A 90 CASES COHORT STUDY].

Harefuah. 2020-8

[4]
A Review of 101 Consecutive Subcutaneous Mastectomies and Male Chest Contouring Using the Concentric Circular and Free Nipple Graft Techniques in Female-to-Male Transgender Patients.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017-6

[5]
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Ptosis: Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction Allows Full Secondary Mastopexy with Complete Nipple Areolar Repositioning.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015-7

[6]
Masculinizing chest wall gender-affirming surgery: Clinical outcomes of 73 subcutaneous mastectomies using the double-incision and semicircular incision techniques.

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2023-10

[7]
Chest-wall contouring surgery in female-to-male transgender patients: A one-center retrospective analysis of applied surgical techniques and results.

Scand J Surg. 2017-3

[8]
Is There a Preferred Incision Location for Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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[9]
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[10]
Modified Nipple Flap with Free Areolar Graft for Component Nipple-Areola Complex Construction: Outcomes with a Novel Technique for Chest Wall Reconstruction in Transgender Men.

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Long-Term Follow-Up of Gender-Affirming Chest Masculinization: What Have We Learned About Patient Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being?

J Clin Med. 2025-2-13

[2]
Topical Tranexamic Acid and Chest Masculinization Surgeries-Impact on Postoperative Hematoma Incidence.

JPRAS Open. 2025-1-10

[3]
Comparative Outcome Study of Gynecomastia Surgery and Gender-Affirming Mastectomy With 100% Nipple Preservation.

Ann Plast Surg. 2025-7-1

[4]
Mastectomy for Individuals with Gender Dysphoria Younger Than 26 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2025-6-1

[5]
Analysis of Nipple-Areola Complex Localization Using Male Cadavers: Considerations for Gender-Affirming Surgery.

Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2021-8-25

本文引用的文献

[1]
Care of Transgender Persons.

N Engl J Med. 2019-12-19

[2]
Mastectomy in Transgender and Cisgender Patients: A Comparative Analysis of Epidemiology and Postoperative Outcomes.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019-6-12

[3]
Mastectomy in female-to-male transgender patients: A single-center 24-year retrospective analysis.

Arch Plast Surg. 2019-9

[4]
Female-to-Male Transgender Chest Contouring: A Systematic Review of Outcomes and Knowledge Gaps.

Ann Plast Surg. 2019-11

[5]
Origins of Gender Affirmation Surgery: The History of the First Gender Identity Clinic in the United States at Johns Hopkins.

Ann Plast Surg. 2019-8

[6]
Female-to-Male Gender-Affirming Chest Reconstruction Surgery.

Aesthet Surg J. 2019-1-17

[7]
Chest Surgery for Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Individuals.

Clin Plast Surg. 2018-7

[8]
Trends in Gender-affirming Surgery in Insured Patients in the United States.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2018-4-16

[9]
Surgical Indications and Outcomes of Mastectomy in Transmen: A Prospective Study of Technical and Self-Reported Measures.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017-9

[10]
A Review of 101 Consecutive Subcutaneous Mastectomies and Male Chest Contouring Using the Concentric Circular and Free Nipple Graft Techniques in Female-to-Male Transgender Patients.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017-6

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