College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul|, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Feb 10;53(1):157. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02582-w.
The aim of this is study was to test the hypothesis that corn can be partially replaced by crude glycerin (at a level of 50%) without affecting performance, ingestive behavior, ruminal parameters, meat composition, and fatty acids profile on the meat of heifers. Sixty-four intact plus four rumen cannulated Angus × Nellore heifers (359.0 ± 12.15 kg BW) were used. The cannulated animals received the same diets as the intact ones to determine the ruminal N-NH3 concentration, pH, and chewing activity weekly. All heifers were maintained in Brachiaria brizantha pasture and supplemented with a concentrate containing corn, soybean meal, urea, premixed minerals, and glycerin partially replacing corn. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two treatments (corn ground or glycerin + corn ground). The inclusion of crude glycerin (high fat) decreased nutrients intake and ruminal N-NH3 concentration in the rumen but increased lipid intake. Inclusion of glycerin had no effect (P > 0.05) on ruminal pH, daily gain, performance, time spent eating, rumination, idling, or water intake. The moisture, ash, and protein contents of meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by crude glycerin intake. Crude glycerin increased saturated fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0) and decreased unsaturated fatty acids (C18:2n6c and C20:1) in meat. Despite the reduction in nutrient intake, we recommend crude glycerin to replace corn in concentrate because glycerin did not impair the performance, meat composition, and ruminal pH. Therefore, crude glycerin is a by-product that can partially replace corn in diets efficiently.
将玉米用粗甘油(50%水平)部分替代,不会影响生长育肥牛的生产性能、采食行为、瘤胃参数、肉品质和脂肪酸组成。选用 68 头安格斯×内罗尔杂交去势公牛(359.0±12.15kgBW)。为确定瘤胃氨态氮浓度、pH 值和咀嚼活动,每周对瘤胃切开牛和完整牛进行相同的饲养。所有牛均在短轮作草地中饲养,补充含玉米、豆粕、尿素、预混矿物质和部分替代玉米的甘油的精料。采用完全随机实验设计,有两个处理(粉碎玉米或甘油+粉碎玉米)。粗甘油(高脂肪)的添加降低了瘤胃养分的摄取量和瘤胃氨态氮浓度,但增加了脂肪的摄取量。添加甘油对瘤胃 pH 值、日增重、生产性能、采食时间、反刍时间、空闲时间或水的摄取量没有影响(P>0.05)。粗甘油对肉的水分、灰分和蛋白质含量没有影响(P>0.05)。粗甘油增加了肉中的饱和脂肪酸(C14:0、C16:0 和 C18:0),降低了不饱和脂肪酸(C18:2n6c 和 C20:1)。尽管养分摄取量减少,但我们建议在精料中用粗甘油替代玉米,因为甘油不会损害生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃 pH 值。因此,粗甘油是一种可以有效替代日粮中玉米的副产物。