Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Acta Parasitol. 2021 Sep;66(3):1063-1067. doi: 10.1007/s11686-020-00327-7. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
Restored role of the grey wolf in ecological networks of newly recolonized areas can be studied via surveys of parasite communities of this predator. As helminths circulating in multi-host systems, the tapeworms directly reflect wolves' diet, while some species are also important from the One Health perspective. The Czech experienced centuries of wolves' absence, however, now it is situated on the crossroad of recolonising wolves' populations, which is opening questions of their role in ecological networks in this area and thus in sylvatic cycles of heteroxenous parasites.
Five wolf carcasses from this area were obtained and genetic affinity to a particular population was inspected. Tapeworms isolated from wolves' intestines during necropsies were molecularly identified based on sequences of COI marker.
Three wolf haplotypes (w1, w2, w14) correspond with the dominance of haplogroup 1 (w1, w2) within Central European lowland population and haplogroup 2 (w14) within the Carpathian population. Two Taenia spp. were revealed: T. krabbei in Central European population wolves and T. hydatigena in an individual from Carpathian population.
The results serve as a base for future monitoring and studies of the recolonising wolf population and its impact on ecosystems in the studied area to contribute to the hypothesis about differentiation of parasite communities in particular wolf population and higher parasite diversity and richness in established populations in comparison to newly settled ones.
通过调查这种捕食者的寄生虫群落，可以研究新重新定居地区生态网络中灰狼恢复的作用。作为在多宿主系统中循环的寄生虫，绦虫直接反映了狼的饮食，而一些物种从“One Health”的角度来看也很重要。捷克经历了几个世纪的狼群消失，但现在它处于重新定居狼群的交叉点，这引发了它们在该地区生态网络中的作用以及因此在异宿主寄生虫的森林循环中的问题。
从该地区获得了五具狼尸体，并检查了它们与特定种群的遗传亲缘关系。在尸检过程中从狼的肠道中分离出的绦虫，根据 COI 标记的序列进行了分子鉴定。
三种狼单倍型（w1、w2、w14）与中欧低地种群中单倍型 1（w1、w2）的优势相对应，与喀尔巴阡种群中的单倍型 2（w14）相对应。揭示了两种绦虫：中欧种群狼中的 T. krabbei 和喀尔巴阡种群个体中的 T. hydatigena。
这些结果为未来监测和研究重新定居的狼群及其对研究区域生态系统的影响提供了基础，有助于验证寄生虫群落在特定狼群中存在差异的假设，以及与新定居狼群相比，在已建立的狼群中寄生虫多样性和丰富度更高的假设。
