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COVID-19 免疫特征表明，尽管抗体反应下降，但抗病毒 T 细胞功能仍保持稳定。

COVID-19 immune signatures reveal stable antiviral T cell function despite declining humoral responses.

机构信息

Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Public Health Department, Hannover, Germany.

出版信息

Immunity. 2021 Feb 9;54(2):340-354.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.01.008
PMID:33567252
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7871825/
Abstract

Cellular and humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is critical to control primary infection and correlates with severity of disease. The role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity, its relationship to antibodies, and pre-existing immunity against endemic coronaviruses (huCoV), which has been hypothesized to be protective, were investigated in 82 healthy donors (HDs), 204 recovered (RCs), and 92 active COVID-19 patients (ACs). ACs had high amounts of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike IgG but lymphopenia and overall reduced antiviral T cell responses due to the inflammatory milieu, expression of inhibitory molecules (PD-1, Tim-3) as well as effector caspase-3, -7, and -8 activity in T cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity conferred by polyfunctional, mainly interferon-γ-secreting CD4 T cells remained stable throughout convalescence, whereas humoral responses declined. Immune responses toward huCoV in RCs with mild disease and strong cellular SARS-CoV-2 T cell reactivity imply a protective role of pre-existing immunity against huCoV.

摘要

针对 SARS-CoV-2 的细胞和体液免疫对于控制初次感染至关重要，并且与疾病的严重程度相关。在 82 名健康供体 (HDs)、204 名恢复期 (RCs) 和 92 名活动性 COVID-19 患者 (ACs) 中，研究了 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞免疫的作用、其与抗体的关系以及针对地方性冠状病毒 (huCoV) 的预先存在的免疫，先前假设这种免疫具有保护作用。ACs 具有高水平的抗 SARS-CoV-2 核衣壳和刺突 IgG，但由于炎症环境、抑制性分子 (PD-1、Tim-3) 的表达以及 T 细胞中效应半胱天冬酶-3、-7 和 -8 的活性，导致淋巴细胞减少和总体抗病毒 T 细胞反应降低。多能性、主要分泌干扰素-γ的 CD4 T 细胞介导的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞免疫在整个恢复期保持稳定，而体液反应下降。在疾病轻微且 SARS-CoV-2 T 细胞反应强烈的 RCs 中针对 huCoV 的免疫反应表明，针对 huCoV 的预先存在的免疫具有保护作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/734d668b6718/gr7_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/10d743bdc7fe/fx1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/1ae886af09bc/gr1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/33f3eda335b1/gr2_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/641f8496eb45/gr3_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/efb69da5acc9/gr4_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/21d5aa8b653c/gr5_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/01d3381c3572/gr6_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/734d668b6718/gr7_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/10d743bdc7fe/fx1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/1ae886af09bc/gr1_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/33f3eda335b1/gr2_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/641f8496eb45/gr3_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/efb69da5acc9/gr4_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/21d5aa8b653c/gr5_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/01d3381c3572/gr6_lrg.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c4cf/7871825/734d668b6718/gr7_lrg.jpg

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