Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
Research Promotion Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan.
Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Aug;25(8):1641-1649. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1885241. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Lower maternal metal intake during pregnancy might affect childhood development. The current prebirth cohort study investigated the relationship between maternal intake of zinc, magnesium, iron, copper, and manganese during pregnancy and behavioral problems in Japanese children aged five years.
Subjects were 1199 mother-child pairs. Dietary intake during the preceding month was assessed using a diet history questionnaire. Emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems and low prosocial behavior were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Maternal age, gestation at baseline, region of residence, number of children, maternal and paternal education, household income, maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy, maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, child's birth weight, child's sex, breastfeeding duration, smoking in the household during the first year of life, and some dietary confounders that were associated with outcomes under study in this population were adjusted for.
Compared with maternal magnesium intake during pregnancy in the first quartile, magnesium intake in the second, third, and fourth quartiles was independently inversely related to childhood hyperactivity problems, but not to emotional, conduct, or peer problems or low prosocial behavior: the adjusted odds ratio between extreme quartiles was 0.48 (95% confidence interval: 0.23-0.99, for trend = 0.04). No evident associations were observed between maternal intake of zinc, iron, copper, or manganese during pregnancy and childhood emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, or peer problems or low prosocial behavior.
The present study suggests that higher maternal magnesium intake during pregnancy is inversely associated with hyperactivity problems in Japanese children.
孕妇体内的金属元素摄入量较低可能会影响儿童的发育。本项产前队列研究旨在调查孕妇在妊娠期间锌、镁、铁、铜和锰的摄入量与日本 5 岁儿童行为问题之间的关系。
研究对象为 1199 对母婴。采用饮食史问卷评估孕妇在过去一个月内的饮食摄入情况。采用长处和困难问卷评估儿童的情绪、品行、多动、同伴问题和低亲社会行为。调整了母亲年龄、基线时的妊娠周数、居住地区、子女数量、母亲和父亲的教育程度、家庭收入、母亲妊娠期间的抑郁症状、妊娠期间的饮酒量、妊娠期间的吸烟情况、孩子的出生体重、孩子的性别、母乳喂养时间、孩子 1 岁以内家中的吸烟情况以及该人群研究结果相关的一些饮食混杂因素。
与妊娠早期镁摄入量处于第一四分位数的孕妇相比，第二、三、四分位数的镁摄入量与儿童多动问题呈独立负相关，但与情绪、品行或同伴问题或低亲社会行为无关：极端四分位数之间的调整比值比为 0.48（95%置信区间：0.23-0.99，趋势检验=0.04）。妊娠期间锌、铁、铜或锰的摄入量与儿童的情绪、品行、多动或同伴问题或低亲社会行为之间未见明显关联。
本研究表明，孕妇在妊娠期间摄入较高的镁与日本儿童多动问题呈负相关。
