J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 May-Jun;61(3):e127-e132. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.01.023. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has disrupted much of the health care system. Despite changes in routine practices, community pharmacists have continuously served their patients throughout the pandemic. Frontline health care workers, including community pharmacy personnel, are at risk of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2.
The purpose of this observational study was to report the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 from a sample of North Dakota community pharmacy personnel.
This observational study was conducted in 2 cities in North Dakota with the highest COVID-19 rates at the time of investigation. Community pharmacy personnel were tested for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies using a rapid antibody test. In addition to antibody testing, participants completed a questionnaire reporting on demographics, previous COVID-19 exposure, previous COVID-19 symptoms, and personal protection equipment (PPE) practices.
A total of 247 pharmacy personnel from 29 pharmacies were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The timing and use of PPE varied by location. Among the 247 community pharmacy personnel, 14.6% tested positive for IgM, IgG, or both. Survey data revealed a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) between a positive antibody test and direct contact with an individual who tested positive for COVID-19 (odds ratio: 2.65 [95% CI: 1.18-5.95]), but there were no statistically significant effects related to the workplace, including PPE use, personnel role, or the number of hours worked. The self-reported loss of taste or smell was the only significant symptom associated with a positive antibody test (18.91 [3.10-115.59]).
Community pharmacy personnel may be at an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 exposure compared with the general population.
导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）扰乱了大部分医疗保健系统。尽管常规做法有所改变，但社区药剂师在整个大流行期间一直为患者服务。包括社区药房人员在内的一线医护人员有感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险。
本观察性研究旨在报告来自北达科他州社区药房人员样本中 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的流行率。
本观察性研究在当时调查时 COVID-19 发病率最高的北达科他州的两个城市进行。使用快速抗体检测试剂盒检测社区药房人员 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 和 IgM 抗体的存在情况。除了抗体检测外，参与者还填写了一份问卷，报告人口统计学特征、以前的 COVID-19 暴露、以前的 COVID-19 症状以及个人防护设备（PPE）的使用情况。
共有 29 家药店的 247 名药房人员接受了 SARS-CoV-2 抗体检测。PPE 的使用时间和方式因地点而异。在 247 名社区药房人员中，14.6%的人 IgM、IgG 或两者均呈阳性。调查数据显示，抗体检测呈阳性与直接接触 COVID-19 检测呈阳性的个体之间存在统计学显著关联（比值比：2.65[95%CI：1.18-5.95]），但与工作场所（包括 PPE 使用、人员角色或工作时间）无关。自我报告的味觉或嗅觉丧失是唯一与抗体检测呈阳性相关的显著症状（18.91[3.10-115.59]）。
与一般人群相比，社区药房人员可能面临更高的 SARS-CoV-2 暴露风险。
