Noriega Jorge Ari, Santos Ana M C, Calatayud Joaquín, Chozas Sergio, Hortal Joaquín
Departament of Biogeography & Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
Laboratory of Zoology and Aquatic Ecology - LAZOEA, University of los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Oecologia. 2021 Mar;195(3):719-736. doi: 10.1007/s00442-020-04831-5. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
Species diversity varies in space and time. Temporal changes in the structure and dynamics of communities can occur at different scales. We investigated the temporal changes of dung beetle assemblages in the Amazonian region along seasons, years, and successional stages. We evaluated if assemblage structure changes between temporal scales and whether such changes affect the functional structure of communities. To achieve these goals, we sampled dung beetles using linear transects of baited pitfall traps during the dry and rainy seasons at two natural reserves in the Amazon region, each representing different time scales: one covering successional variations (80, 30, 5, and 1 years of recovery from logging) and the other one encompassing three consecutive years at two successional stages (20 and 10 years from logging). We used Generalized Linear Models to analyze interannual and successional changes in diversity, described assemblage structure with a NMDS, and examined compositional variation by partitioning beta diversity into its nestedness and turnover components. Abundance and richness decrease from the rainy to the dry season and towards earlier successional stages but do not differ between years. Assemblage diversity changes differently in interannual and successional scales. During succession, dung beetle assemblages change drastically, following a nested structure due to the appearance of species and functional groups in later successional stages. In contrast, functional group composition does not show consistent changes between years, displaying a turnover structure. This pattern supports non-deterministic changes in dung beetle assemblage structure along forest succession.
物种多样性在空间和时间上存在差异。群落结构和动态的时间变化可在不同尺度上发生。我们研究了亚马逊地区蜣螂群落沿季节、年份和演替阶段的时间变化。我们评估了群落结构在不同时间尺度之间是否发生变化，以及这些变化是否会影响群落的功能结构。为实现这些目标，我们在亚马逊地区的两个自然保护区，于旱季和雨季期间，使用诱饵陷阱的线性样带对蜣螂进行采样，每个保护区代表不同的时间尺度：一个涵盖演替变化（采伐后恢复80、30、5和1年），另一个在两个演替阶段（采伐后20年和10年）涵盖连续三年。我们使用广义线性模型分析多样性的年际和演替变化，用非度量多维标度法（NMDS）描述群落结构，并通过将β多样性划分为嵌套性和周转率成分来检验组成变化。丰度和丰富度从雨季到旱季以及向早期演替阶段递减，但年份之间没有差异。群落多样性在年际和演替尺度上的变化不同。在演替过程中，蜣螂群落变化剧烈，由于后期演替阶段物种和功能群的出现，呈现出嵌套结构。相比之下，功能群组成在年份之间没有表现出一致的变化，呈现出周转率结构。这种模式支持了蜣螂群落结构沿森林演替的非确定性变化。
