School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Clin Psychol. 2022 Jan;61 Suppl 1:8-30. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12279. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Researchers are increasingly investigating how technology could be used to improve the efficacy of treatment for anxiety and obsessive-compulsive (OC) spectrum disorders. A broad range of technologies, disorders and therapeutic processes have been examined in the literature. This review summarizes the evidence for using technology in clinical interventions for anxiety and OC-spectrum disorders and highlights research gaps that should be addressed to improve the evidence base.
A scoping review was conducted based on systematic searches of three databases. Broadly, the criteria included interventions that had integrated technology into clinical contexts to enhance treatment for anxiety and OC-spectrum disorders. All records were double-screened by two reviewers, and data were extracted on the characteristics of interventions, symptom outcomes, and implementation factors.
Searches returned 2,475 studies, of which 117 were eligible for inclusion in this review. Although almost all studies reported pre-post-symptom reductions, only one quarter of the controlled studies demonstrated additive effect of technology-based interventions in between-group analyses. We noted a trend in underreporting implementation factors.
Technology-based interventions can improve the efficacy of treatment for anxiety and OC-spectrum disorders, but there are challenges to achieving this goal. Based on a review of the included studies, we provide four specific recommendations to improve the quality and likelihood of success of future research projects.
Technology-based adjuvants are unlikely to improve the efficacy of treatment for anxiety or OC-spectrum disorders based on their novelty or convenience alone. A subset of studies gives hope that specific innovations can improve treatment when targeting a therapeutic process that has been problematic. Clinicians seeking to improve the efficacy of their treatment should first define client-specific therapeutic factors (e.g., homework compliance) that could be leveraged, then apply a specific innovation to address this factor.
研究人员越来越多地研究如何利用技术来提高焦虑和强迫症（OC）谱系障碍治疗的效果。文献中已经检查了广泛的技术、疾病和治疗过程。本综述总结了在焦虑和 OC 谱系障碍的临床干预中使用技术的证据，并强调了应该解决的研究空白，以提高证据基础。
根据对三个数据库的系统搜索，进行了范围界定审查。广义而言，纳入标准包括将技术整合到临床环境中以增强治疗焦虑和 OC 谱系障碍的干预措施。所有记录均由两名评审员进行双屏幕筛选，并提取干预措施、症状结果和实施因素的特征数据。
搜索返回了 2475 项研究，其中 117 项符合纳入本综述的标准。尽管几乎所有研究都报告了症状减轻，但只有四分之一的对照研究在组间分析中显示出基于技术的干预的附加效果。我们注意到实施因素报告不足的趋势。
基于技术的干预可以提高焦虑和 OC 谱系障碍治疗的效果，但要实现这一目标存在挑战。基于对纳入研究的综述，我们提供了四项具体建议，以提高未来研究项目的质量和成功可能性。
仅基于新颖性或便利性，基于技术的辅助手段不太可能提高焦虑或 OC 谱系障碍治疗的效果。一组研究表明，当针对一直存在问题的治疗过程时，特定创新可以改善治疗。寻求提高治疗效果的临床医生应首先定义可以利用的特定患者治疗因素（例如，家庭作业依从性），然后应用特定的创新来解决该因素。
